Steinberg Lowe Mara, Lewis Gwyneth A, Poeppel David
Department of Communicative Sciences and Disorders, New York University New York, NY, USA.
Department of Psychology, New York University New York, NY, USA.
Front Psychol. 2016 Feb 16;7:147. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00147. eCollection 2016.
Results from neurophysiological experiments suggest that face recognition engages a sensitive mechanism that is reflected in increased amplitude and decreased latency of the MEG M170 response compared to non-face visual targets. Furthermore, whereas recognition of objects (e.g., houses) has been argued to be based on individual features (e.g., door, window), face recognition may depend more on holistic information. Here we analyzed priming effects of component and holistic primes on 20 participants' early MEG responses to two-tone (Mooney) images to determine whether face recognition in this context engages "featural" or "configural" processing. Although visually underspecified, the Mooney images in this study elicited M170 responses that replicate the typical face vs. house effect. However, we found a distinction between holistic vs. component primes that modulated this effect dependent upon compatibility (match) between the prime and target. The facilitatory effect of holistic faces and houses for Mooney faces and houses, respectively, suggests that both Mooney face and house recognition-both low spatial frequency stimuli-are based on holistic information.
神经生理学实验结果表明，与非面部视觉目标相比，人脸识别涉及一种敏感机制，这在脑磁图MEG M170反应的振幅增加和潜伏期缩短中得到体现。此外，虽然有人认为物体（如房子）的识别基于个体特征（如门、窗），但人脸识别可能更多地依赖于整体信息。在这里，我们分析了成分启动和整体启动对20名参与者对双色调（穆尼）图像的早期脑磁图反应的启动效应，以确定在这种情况下人脸识别是涉及“特征”还是“构型”加工。尽管在视觉上未明确指定，但本研究中的穆尼图像引发了M170反应，该反应重现了典型的面部与房屋效应。然而，我们发现整体启动与成分启动之间存在差异，这种差异根据启动刺激与目标刺激之间的兼容性（匹配度）调节了这种效应。整体面部和房屋分别对穆尼面部和房屋的促进作用表明，穆尼面部和房屋识别——两者均为低空间频率刺激——都基于整体信息。
