Holahan Carole K, Holahan Charles J, Li Xiaoyin, Chen Yen T
a Department of Kinesiology and Health Education , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas , USA.
b Department of Psychology , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas , USA.
Women Health. 2017 Feb;57(2):121-136. doi: 10.1080/03630242.2016.1157127. Epub 2016 Feb 24.
Physical activity carries immediate and long-term benefits for middle-aged and older women; however, physical activity decreases in adulthood and aging in women. In this study, the authors investigate the relation of health behaviors, health attitudes, and health appraisals to leisure-time physical activity among middle-aged and older women in a cross-sectional analysis of the second wave of the Study of Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS2) conducted during the period from 2004 to 2006. The sample consisted of 829 women, ranging in age from 40 to 75 years of age (Mean = 56 years). In multiple logistic regression analyses, controlling for socio-demographic factors and functional restrictions, most of the psychosocial variables examined showed unique associations with physical activity, including health behaviors of having a routine checkup and not smoking, health attitudes involving commitment to health and valuing physical fitness and strength, and the health appraisal that one's health is better compared to others of the same age. Older women (aged 61-75 years) were less active, but reported greater health commitment than middle-aged women (aged 40-60 years). Neither health commitment nor any other psychosocial variable interacted with age in relation to physical activity. Understanding characteristics of middle-aged and older women who are physically active is essential in tailoring interventions to this population.
体育活动对中老年女性有直接和长期的益处；然而，女性在成年期和衰老过程中体育活动会减少。在本研究中，作者在美国中年发展研究（MIDUS2）第二波（2004年至2006年期间进行）的横断面分析中，调查了健康行为、健康态度和健康评估与中老年女性休闲体育活动之间的关系。样本包括829名女性，年龄在40至75岁之间（平均年龄 = 56岁）。在多元逻辑回归分析中，在控制社会人口学因素和功能限制的情况下，所考察的大多数心理社会变量均显示出与体育活动有独特的关联，包括进行常规体检和不吸烟等健康行为、涉及对健康的承诺以及重视身体健康和力量的健康态度，以及认为自己的健康状况比同龄人更好的健康评估。老年女性（61至75岁）的活动较少，但报告的健康承诺比中年女性（40至60岁）更高。在体育活动方面，健康承诺以及任何其他心理社会变量均未与年龄产生相互作用。了解积极进行体育活动的中老年女性的特征对于为该人群量身定制干预措施至关重要。
