National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China.
ACS Nano. 2016 Mar 22;10(3):3312-22. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5b06852. Epub 2016 Mar 1.
The lipid droplet (LD) is a cellular organelle that consists of a neutral lipid core with a monolayer-phospholipid membrane and associated proteins. Recent LD studies demonstrate its importance in metabolic diseases and biofuel development. However, the mechanisms governing its formation and dynamics remain elusive. Therefore, we developed an in vitro system to facilitate the elucidation of these mechanisms. We generated sphere-shaped structures with a neutral lipid core and a monolayer-phospholipid membrane by mechanically mixing neutral lipids and phospholipids followed by a two-step purification. We named the nanodroplet "adiposome". We then recruited LD structure-like/resident proteins to the adiposome, including the bacterial MLDS, Caenorhabditis elegans MDT-28/PLIN-1, or mammalian perilipin-2. In addition, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and apolipoprotein A1 (apo A-I) were recruited to adiposome. We termed the functional protein-coated adiposomes, Artificial Lipid Droplets (ALDs). With this experimental system, different proteins can be recruited to build ALDs for some biological goals and potential usage in drug delivery.
脂滴（LD）是一种细胞细胞器，由一个中性脂质核心、一个单层磷脂膜和相关蛋白组成。最近的 LD 研究表明其在代谢性疾病和生物燃料开发中的重要性。然而，控制其形成和动态的机制仍不清楚。因此，我们开发了一种体外系统来促进这些机制的阐明。我们通过机械混合中性脂质和磷脂，然后进行两步纯化，生成具有中性脂质核心和单层磷脂膜的球形结构。我们将这种纳米液滴命名为“脂滴体”。然后，我们招募 LD 结构类似物/驻留蛋白到脂滴体，包括细菌 MLDS、秀丽隐杆线虫 MDT-28/PLIN-1 或哺乳动物 perilipin-2。此外，脂肪甘油三酯脂肪酶（ATGL）和载脂蛋白 A1（apo A-I）也被招募到脂滴体。我们将功能蛋白包被的脂滴体称为“人工脂滴（ALD）”。有了这个实验系统，不同的蛋白质可以被招募来构建 ALD，以实现某些生物学目标，并有可能用于药物传递。
