Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn TR11 9FE, UK.
Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.
Science. 2016 Feb 5;351(6273):594-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aac9976.
Deformed wing virus (DWV) and its vector, the mite Varroa destructor, are a major threat to the world's honeybees. Although the impact of Varroa on colony-level DWV epidemiology is evident, we have little understanding of wider DWV epidemiology and the role that Varroa has played in its global spread. A phylogeographic analysis shows that DWV is globally distributed in honeybees, having recently spread from a common source, the European honeybee Apis mellifera. DWV exhibits epidemic growth and transmission that is predominantly mediated by European and North American honeybee populations and driven by trade and movement of honeybee colonies. DWV is now an important reemerging pathogen of honeybees, which are undergoing a worldwide manmade epidemic fueled by the direct transmission route that the Varroa mite provides.
变形翅膀病毒（DWV）及其载体，螨虫瓦螨，是世界蜜蜂的主要威胁。尽管瓦螨对群体水平 DWV 流行病学的影响是明显的，但我们对更广泛的 DWV 流行病学以及瓦螨在其全球传播中所扮演的角色知之甚少。系统地理分析表明，DWV 在全球范围内分布在蜜蜂中，最近从一个共同的来源——欧洲蜜蜂 Apis mellifera 传播开来。DWV 呈爆发式增长和传播，主要由欧洲和北美蜜蜂种群介导，并由蜜蜂种群的贸易和迁移驱动。DWV 现在是蜜蜂的一种重要的重新出现的病原体，由于瓦螨提供的直接传播途径，蜜蜂正在经历一场由人为引发的全球性流行。
