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[介入放射学中的辐射防护]

[Radiation protection in interventional radiology].

作者信息

Adamus R, Loose R, Wucherer M, Uder M, Galster M

机构信息

Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Klinikum Nürnberg Nord, Prof. Ernst Nathan Str. 1, 90419, Nürnberg, Deutschland.

Institut für Medizinische Physik, Klinikum Nürnberg Nord, Nürnberg, Deutschland.

出版信息

Radiologe. 2016 Mar;56(3):275-81. doi: 10.1007/s00117-016-0083-0.

Abstract

The application of ionizing radiation in medicine seems to be a safe procedure for patients as well as for occupational exposition to personnel. The developments in interventional radiology with fluoroscopy and dose-intensive interventions require intensified radiation protection. It is recommended that all available tools should be used for this purpose. Besides the options for instruments, x‑ray protection at the intervention table must be intensively practiced with lead aprons and mounted lead glass. A special focus on eye protection to prevent cataracts is also recommended. The development of cataracts might no longer be deterministic, as confirmed by new data; therefore, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has lowered the threshold dose value for eyes from 150 mSv/year to 20 mSv/year. Measurements show that the new values can be achieved by applying all X‑ray protection measures plus lead-containing eyeglasses.

摘要

电离辐射在医学中的应用对患者以及职业暴露的工作人员而言似乎都是安全的程序。介入放射学中荧光透视和高剂量干预的发展需要加强辐射防护。建议为此目的使用所有可用的工具。除了仪器选项外,还必须通过铅围裙和安装的铅玻璃在介入手术台上大力实践X射线防护。还建议特别关注眼睛防护以预防白内障。正如新数据所证实的,白内障的发展可能不再是确定性的;因此,国际放射防护委员会(ICRP)已将眼睛的阈值剂量值从每年150毫希沃特降低到每年20毫希沃特。测量表明,通过应用所有X射线防护措施以及含铅眼镜可以实现新的值。

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