Wilkowski Benjamin M, Ferguson Elizabeth Louise
Department of Psychology, University of Wyoming.
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2016 Apr;145(4):516-29. doi: 10.1037/xge0000150. Epub 2016 Feb 25.
Cybernetic models suggest that to achieve one's long-term goals, one must create specific plans, enact these plan, monitor progress toward the goal, and resist temptations. Although many studies have examined these proposals in laboratory settings, few studies have examined such processes in daily life. This was the explicit purpose of the current investigation. Participants identified 4 long-term goals during an orientation session. They then completed a diary protocol in which they reported on these self-regulatory processes. The results were largely consistent with predictions. Of the 20 hypotheses examined, 17 were significant in the expected direction. For example, testing led to the initiation of long-term goal operations, which in turn led to goal progress. Likewise, temptations led to self-control operations, which in turn led to the successful resistance of temptations. The investigation thus suggests that cybernetic principles have broad relevance to understanding goal pursuit in daily life.
控制论模型表明，要实现长期目标，人们必须制定具体计划，执行这些计划，监控朝着目标前进的进度，并抵制诱惑。尽管许多研究在实验室环境中检验了这些提议，但很少有研究在日常生活中考察此类过程。这正是当前这项调查的明确目的。参与者在一次指导会议上确定了4个长期目标。然后他们完成了一份日记记录，在其中报告这些自我调节过程。结果在很大程度上与预测一致。在所检验的20个假设中，有17个在预期方向上具有显著性。例如，检验导致了长期目标行动的启动，这反过来又带来了目标进展。同样，诱惑导致了自我控制行动，这反过来又带来了对诱惑的成功抵制。因此，这项调查表明，控制论原则对于理解日常生活中的目标追求具有广泛的相关性。
