Joshi Nitin, Kaur Shahdeep, Banerjee Rinti
Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India.
Curr Pharm Des. 2016;22(17):2470-80. doi: 10.2174/1381612822666160225155637.
Over the past few decades, the field of nanotechnology has led to significant advances in healthcare, impacting both diagnosis and therapy. Systemic delivery of therapeutics via inhalation route has also advanced with the use of sub micron particles as colloidal drug carriers. Use of inhalable nanocarriers for delivering drugs systemically offers additional degree of control and manipulation, thereby maximizing the alveolar deposition and minimizing clearance. The ramifications are improved systemic absorption and higher therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we review the progress and advances related to nanoparticle based inhalable formulations for systemic delivery of therapeutics, and also discusses the associated challenges.
We performed detailed searches in PubMed and compiled the literature on inhalable nanoparticles for systemic delivery of therapeutic agents.
To date, multiple inhalable nanocarriers have been explored for systemic delivery of therapeutics; and can be broadly classified into three categories, viz. lipid based nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles and porous nanoparticle aggregate particles.
In spite of the promising data, there are still multiple challenges, including poor understanding of nanotoxicology of therapeutic nanoparticles. Overcoming these challenges can lead to successful clinical translation of inhalable nanoparticles for systemic drug delivery, leading to the development of more effective and patient compliant therapies.
在过去几十年中，纳米技术领域已在医疗保健方面取得了重大进展，对诊断和治疗均产生了影响。通过吸入途径进行治疗药物的全身递送也随着使用亚微米颗粒作为胶体药物载体而取得了进展。使用可吸入纳米载体进行药物全身递送提供了额外的控制和操作程度，从而使肺泡沉积最大化并使清除最小化。其结果是全身吸收得到改善且治疗效果更高。在此，我们综述了与用于治疗药物全身递送的基于纳米颗粒的可吸入制剂相关的进展，并讨论了相关挑战。
我们在PubMed中进行了详细检索，并汇编了关于用于治疗药物全身递送的可吸入纳米颗粒的文献。
迄今为止，已探索了多种用于治疗药物全身递送的可吸入纳米载体；并且可大致分为三类，即基于脂质的纳米颗粒、聚合物纳米颗粒和多孔纳米颗粒聚集体颗粒。
尽管有前景良好的数据，但仍存在多个挑战，包括对治疗性纳米颗粒的纳米毒理学了解不足。克服这些挑战可导致用于全身药物递送的可吸入纳米颗粒成功进行临床转化，从而开发出更有效且患者依从性更好的疗法。
