Institute of Neuroscience/Newcastle University Institute of Ageing, Clinical Ageing Research Unit, Campus for Ageing and Vitality Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom, UK.
Institute of Neuroscience/Newcastle University Institute of Ageing, Clinical Ageing Research Unit, Campus for Ageing and Vitality Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom, UK.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2016 May;64:326-45. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.02.012. Epub 2016 Feb 23.
Recent research highlights the association of gait and cognition in older adults but a stronger understanding is needed to discern coincident pathophysiology, patterns of change, examine underlying mechanisms and aid diagnosis. This structured review mapped associations and predictors of gait and cognition in older adults with and without cognitive impairment, and Parkinson's disease. Fifty papers out of an initial yield of 22,128 were reviewed and a model of gait guided analysis and interpretation. Associations were dominated by the pace domain of gait; the most frequently studied domain. In older adults pace was identified as a predictor for cognitive decline. Where comprehensive measurement of gait was conducted, more specific pathological patterns of association were evident highlighting the importance of this approach. This review confirmed a robust association between gait and cognition and argues for a selective, comprehensive measurement approach. Results suggest gait may be a surrogate marker of cognitive impairment and cognitive decline. Understanding the specific nature of this relationship is essential for refinement of diagnostics and development of novel therapies.
最近的研究强调了步态和认知在老年人中的关联，但需要更深入的理解，以辨别并发的病理生理学、变化模式、研究潜在机制并辅助诊断。本结构综述描绘了认知障碍和无认知障碍的老年人以及帕金森病患者的步态和认知之间的关联和预测因素。在最初的 22128 篇论文中，有 50 篇被审查，并建立了一个步态引导分析和解释的模型。关联主要由步态的步速域主导；这是研究最多的领域。在老年人中，步速被确定为认知能力下降的预测因素。在进行全面步态测量的情况下，更明显的是存在更具体的病理关联模式，突出了这种方法的重要性。本综述证实了步态和认知之间存在强有力的关联，并主张采用选择性、全面的测量方法。研究结果表明，步态可能是认知障碍和认知能力下降的替代标志物。了解这种关系的具体性质对于改进诊断和开发新的治疗方法至关重要。
