Loukas Marios, Youssef Pamela, Gielecki Jerzy, Walocha Jerzy, Natsis Kostantinos, Tubbs R Shane
Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St George's University, Grenada, West Indies.
Department of Anatomy, Varmia and Mazuria Medical School, Olsztyn, Poland.
Clin Anat. 2016 Apr;29(3):270-84. doi: 10.1002/ca.22705. Epub 2016 Mar 11.
The nature, function, and anatomy of the heart have been extensively studied since 3500 B.C. Greek and Egyptian science developed a basic understanding of the heart, although this was primarily related to religious beliefs. During the Hippocratic era, Hippocrates and his colleagues developed a more scientific and less religious understanding of the cardiovascular system. The post-Hippocratic era was characterized by more advanced descriptions of the location, structure, and function of the heart. The Alexandrian, Roman, Medieval Islamic, and European eras included turning points in the history of cardiac anatomy. Subsequently, after the structure and function of the heart were established, its connection with the lungs was investigated. Description of the pulmonary circulation was followed by the discovery of the conductive system and innervation of the heart.
自公元前3500年以来，人们对心脏的性质、功能和解剖结构进行了广泛研究。希腊和埃及科学对心脏有了基本的认识，尽管这主要与宗教信仰有关。在希波克拉底时代，希波克拉底及其同事对心血管系统有了更科学、更少宗教色彩的认识。后希波克拉底时代的特点是对心脏的位置、结构和功能有了更先进的描述。亚历山大时代、罗马时代、中世纪伊斯兰时代和欧洲时代都包含了心脏解剖学史上的转折点。随后，在心脏的结构和功能被确定之后，人们对其与肺部的联系进行了研究。对肺循环的描述之后是心脏传导系统和神经支配的发现。
