Chang Wen-Lun, Cheng Fu-Chou, Wang Shu-Ping, Chou Su-Tze, Shih Ying
Department of Applied Chemistry, Providence University, 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, 43301, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, 200, Sec. 7, Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung, 43301, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Environ Toxicol. 2017 Feb;32(2):456-468. doi: 10.1002/tox.22250. Epub 2016 Feb 25.
Cinnamomum cassia essential oil (CC-EO) has various functional properties, such as anti-microbial, hypouricemic, anti-tyrosinase and anti-melanogenesis activities. The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-cancer activities of CC-EO and its major constituent, cinnamaldehyde, in human oral squamous cell carcinoma HSC-3 cells. Determination of the cell viability, apoptotic characteristics, DNA damage, cell cycle analysis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial membrane potential, cytosolic Ca level and intracellular redox status were performed. Our results demonstrated that CC-EO and cinnamaldehyde significantly decreased cell viability and caused morphological changes. The cell cycle analysis revealed that CC-EO and cinnamaldehyde induced G2/M cell cycle arrest in HSC-3 cells. The apoptotic characteristics (DNA laddering and chromatin condensation) and DNA damage were observed in the CC-EO-treated and cinnamaldehyde-treated HSC-3 cells. Moreover, CC-EO and cinnamaldehyde promoted an increase in cytosolic Ca levels, induced mitochondrial dysfunction and activated cytochrome c release. The results of ROS production and intracellular redox status demonstrated that CC-EO and cinnamaldehyde significantly increased the ROS production and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels, and the cellular glutathione content and glutathione peroxidase activity were significantly reduced in HSC-3 cells. Our results suggest that CC-EO and cinnamaldehyde may possess anti-oral cancer activity in HSC-3 cells. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 456-468, 2017.
肉桂精油（CC-EO）具有多种功能特性，如抗菌、降尿酸、抗酪氨酸酶和抗黑色素生成活性。本研究旨在评估CC-EO及其主要成分肉桂醛对人口腔鳞状细胞癌HSC-3细胞的抗癌活性。进行了细胞活力测定、凋亡特征分析、DNA损伤检测、细胞周期分析、活性氧（ROS）生成检测、线粒体膜电位检测、胞质钙水平检测和细胞内氧化还原状态检测。我们的结果表明，CC-EO和肉桂醛显著降低细胞活力并引起形态变化。细胞周期分析显示，CC-EO和肉桂醛诱导HSC-3细胞发生G2/M期细胞周期阻滞。在经CC-EO处理和肉桂醛处理的HSC-3细胞中观察到凋亡特征（DNA梯状条带和染色质凝聚）和DNA损伤。此外，CC-EO和肉桂醛促进胞质钙水平升高，诱导线粒体功能障碍并激活细胞色素c释放。ROS生成和细胞内氧化还原状态的结果表明，CC-EO和肉桂醛显著增加ROS生成以及硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质水平，并且HSC-3细胞中的细胞内谷胱甘肽含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著降低。我们的结果表明，CC-EO和肉桂醛在HSC-3细胞中可能具有抗口腔癌活性。© 2016威利期刊公司。《环境毒理学》32: 456 - 468，2017年。
