Fitzgerald Jacklynn M, MacNamara Annmarie, DiGangi Julia A, Kennedy Amy E, Rabinak Christine A, Patwell Ryan, Greenstein Justin E, Proescher Eric, Rauch Sheila A M, Hajcak Greg, Phan K Luan
University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychology, Chicago, IL, USA; University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry, Chicago, IL, USA.
University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry, Chicago, IL, USA.
Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging. 2016 Mar 30;249:113-21. doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.12.001. Epub 2015 Dec 10.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - a debilitating disorder characterized by severe deficits in emotion regulation - is prevalent among U.S. military veterans. Research into the pathophysiology of PTSD has focused primarily on emotional reactivity, showing evidence of heightened neural response during negative affect provocation. By comparison, studies of brain functioning during the voluntary regulation of negative affect are limited. In the current study, combat-exposed U.S. military veterans with (n=25) and without (n=25) PTSD performed an emotion regulation task during electroencephalographic (EEG) recording. The late positive potential (LPP) was used as a measure of sustained attention toward, and processing of, negative and neutral pictures, and was scored prior to and after instructions to either maintain or down-regulate emotional response using the strategy of cognitive reappraisal. Results showed that groups did not differ in picture-elicited LPP amplitude either prior to or during cognitive reappraisal; reappraisal reduced the LPP in both groups over time. Time-dependent increases in LPP amplitude as a function of emotional reactivity maintenance were evident in the non-PTSD group only. This latter finding may signal PTSD-related deficits in sustained engagement with emotion-processing over the course of several seconds.
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）——一种以情绪调节严重缺陷为特征的使人衰弱的障碍——在美国退伍军人中很普遍。对PTSD病理生理学的研究主要集中在情绪反应性上，有证据表明在负面情绪激发期间神经反应增强。相比之下，关于在自愿调节负面情绪期间大脑功能的研究有限。在当前研究中，有PTSD（n = 25）和无PTSD（n = 25）的参战美国退伍军人在脑电图（EEG）记录期间执行一项情绪调节任务。晚期正电位（LPP）被用作对负面和中性图片持续关注及处理的指标，并在使用认知重评策略维持或下调情绪反应的指示之前和之后进行评分。结果显示，在认知重评之前或期间，两组在图片诱发的LPP波幅上没有差异；随着时间的推移，重评使两组的LPP都降低了。仅在非PTSD组中，LPP波幅随情绪反应性维持而出现的时间依赖性增加是明显的。后一发现可能表明在数秒过程中与情绪处理的持续参与方面存在与PTSD相关的缺陷。
