Sultan Sadia, Murad Sania, Irfan Syed Mohammed, Biag Mohammad Amjad
Department of Haematology and Blood Bank, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan.
Liaquat National Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan.
Arch Iran Med. 2016 Mar;19(3):192-6.
To determine the prevalence and trends of venereal infections, including the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and treponema pallidum in healthy blood donors over a decade.
This cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at the Blood Bank of Liaquat National Hospital, extended from January 2005 to December 2014, in which 148268 healthy donors were enrolled. Screening for HIV was done by Microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay and Chemiluminescent immunoassay techniques. Syphilis screening was done by Treponema pallidum particle agglutination and Chemiluminescent Immunoassay methods.
Out of the 148268 total donors, 147684 (99.6%) were replacement donors and remaining 584 (0.4%) were voluntary donors with a mean age of 29.09 ± 7.04 years. Overall, there were 147939 (99.8%) males and 329 (0.2%) females. A total of 1536 (1.03%) donors were reactive. Among the replacement donors, 1535 (1.03%) were found to be reactive for HIV and treponema pallidum. Of these, 172 (0.11%) donors were positive for HIV, while 1363 (0.91%) were positive for treponema pallidum. All reactive donors were male (99.94%), except for one female (0.06%). The prevalence of HIV and syphilis were higher in the younger age group (18 - 30 years). Out of 584 voluntary donors, only one (0.1%) donor was positive for HIV, while all donors were negative for treponema pallidum. The positive rates among replacement and voluntary donors were 1.03% and 0.1%, respectively. Co-infectivity was observed in two (0.001%) donors.
The prevalence of venereal infection was higher in replacement donors as compared with voluntary donors. The prevalence of syphilis in our series was high compared with earlier studies. It emerges that syphilis positivity rate appears to escalate; however, HIV infection remains static over a decade. Higher prevalence in younger donors is alarming and adversely affects the prospective blood donation pool. Stringent donor selection, emphasis on voluntary donation, and vigilant donors screening are highly recommended to ensure the maximum safety of blood recipient.
确定十年来健康献血者中性传播感染的患病率及趋势，包括人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和梅毒螺旋体。
这项横断面描述性研究在利亚卡特国家医院血库进行，时间从2005年1月至2014年12月，共纳入148268名健康献血者。采用微粒酶免疫测定法和化学发光免疫测定技术进行HIV筛查。采用梅毒螺旋体颗粒凝集试验和化学发光免疫测定法进行梅毒筛查。
在148268名献血者中，147684名（99.6%）为替代献血者，其余584名（0.4%）为自愿献血者，平均年龄为29.09±7.04岁。总体而言，男性147939名（99.8%），女性329名（0.2%）。共有1536名（1.03%）献血者检测呈阳性。在替代献血者中，1535名（1.03%）HIV和梅毒螺旋体检测呈阳性。其中，172名（0.11%）献血者HIV呈阳性，1363名（0.91%）梅毒螺旋体呈阳性。除一名女性（0.06%）外，所有检测呈阳性的献血者均为男性（99.94%）。HIV和梅毒在较年轻年龄组（18 - 30岁）中的患病率较高。在584名自愿献血者中，只有一名（0.1%）献血者HIV呈阳性，而所有献血者梅毒螺旋体检测均为阴性。替代献血者和自愿献血者的阳性率分别为1.03%和0.1%。两名（0.001%）献血者存在合并感染情况。
与自愿献血者相比，替代献血者中性传播感染的患病率更高。与早期研究相比，我们系列研究中梅毒的患病率较高。梅毒阳性率似乎呈上升趋势；然而，HIV感染在十年间保持稳定。年轻献血者中较高的患病率令人担忧，对未来的献血群体产生不利影响。强烈建议严格筛选献血者，强调自愿献血，并加强献血者筛查，以确保受血者的最大安全。
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