Madden A M, Mulrooney H M, Shah S
School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK.
School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing, University of Kingston, Kingston Upon Thames, UK.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2016 Aug;29(4):458-76. doi: 10.1111/jhn.12355. Epub 2016 Feb 29.
Estimates of energy requirements are needed in weight management and are usually determined using prediction equations. The objective of these two systematic reviews was to identify which equations based on simple anthropometric and demographic variables provide the most accurate and precise estimates of (1) resting energy expenditure (REE) and (2) total energy expenditure (TEE) in healthy obese adults.
Systematic searches for relevant studies in healthy adults with body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg m(-2) and published in English were undertaken using Cinahl, Cochrane Library, OpenGrey, PubMed and Web of Science (completed March 2014). Search terms included metabolism, calorimetry, obesity and prediction equations. Data extraction, study appraisal and synthesis followed guidelines from PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses).
From 243 REE papers and 254 TEE papers identified, 21 and four studies, respectively, met the inclusion criteria. (1) The most accurate REE predictions varied with BMI subgroup: WHO (weight and height) ≥25 and ≥30 kg m(-2) ; Mifflin 30-39.9 kg m(-2) ; Henry ≥40 kg m(-2) . The most precise REE predictions were obtained using Mifflin in BMI 30-39.9 and ≥40 kg m(-2) , where approximately 75% of predictions were within 10% of measured REE. (2) No accurate or precise predictions of TEE were identified.
No single prediction equation provides accurate and precise REE estimates in all obese adults. Mifflin equations are recommended in this population, although errors exceed 10% in 25% of those assessed. There is no evidence to support the use of prediction equations in estimating TEE in obesity.
体重管理中需要能量需求的估计值，通常使用预测方程来确定。这两项系统评价的目的是确定哪些基于简单人体测量和人口统计学变量的方程能最准确、精确地估计健康肥胖成年人的（1）静息能量消耗（REE）和（2）总能量消耗（TEE）。
使用CINAHL、Cochrane图书馆、OpenGrey、PubMed和科学网（2014年3月完成）对体重指数（BMI）≥25 kg m⁻²的健康成年人中相关研究进行系统检索，检索语言为英文。检索词包括代谢、量热法、肥胖和预测方程。数据提取、研究评估和综合遵循PRISMA（系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目）指南。
从识别出的243篇REE论文和254篇TEE论文中，分别有21项和4项研究符合纳入标准。（1）最准确的REE预测因BMI亚组而异：WHO（体重和身高）适用于BMI≥25和≥30 kg m⁻²；Mifflin适用于BMI 30 - 39.9 kg m⁻²；Henry适用于BMI≥40 kg m⁻²。在BMI 30 - 39.9和≥40 kg m⁻²时，使用Mifflin可获得最精确的REE预测，约75%的预测值在测量REE的10%以内。（2）未识别出准确或精确的TEE预测。
没有单一的预测方程能在所有肥胖成年人中准确、精确地估计REE。尽管在25%的评估对象中误差超过10%，但仍推荐在该人群中使用Mifflin方程。没有证据支持在肥胖人群中使用预测方程来估计TEE。
