Cloetens Lieselotte, Ellegård Lars
Division of Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Food Nutr Res. 2023 Nov 14;67. doi: 10.29219/fnr.v67.10233. eCollection 2023.
We need energy intake to provide energy and nutrients to our cells. The amount of daily energy intake should aim for energy balance, which results in good health. Under- or overconsumption of total daily energy over a longer period leads to increased risk of diseases. In this scoping review, the components of daily energy requirement are defined. Several methods to estimate energy requirements and the amount of total daily energy intake (kJ) related to health are also discussed. Reference values for energy intake in children, adults and pregnant and postpartum women, and older adults are evaluated. Results show that it is challenging to set reference values for energy intake since existing methods are not accurate and precise, and there are several factors that influence the estimated amount of energy. Energy requirement is increased during growth as in childhood, pregnancy and lactation. We conclude that more research in this area is needed, and that new high-quality studies in both Nordic and Baltic countries are needed to obtain new recommendation numbers for energy intake.
我们需要能量摄入来为细胞提供能量和营养物质。每日能量摄入量应旨在实现能量平衡，从而带来良好的健康状况。长期每日总能量摄入不足或过量会增加患病风险。在本综述中，定义了每日能量需求的组成部分。还讨论了几种估计能量需求的方法以及与健康相关的每日总能量摄入量（千焦）。评估了儿童、成年人、孕妇和产后妇女以及老年人的能量摄入参考值。结果表明，设定能量摄入参考值具有挑战性，因为现有方法不够准确和精确，并且有几个因素会影响能量估计量。在生长过程中，如儿童期、孕期和哺乳期，能量需求会增加。我们得出结论，该领域需要更多研究，并且北欧和波罗的海国家都需要开展新的高质量研究，以获得能量摄入的新推荐数值。
