Waki Hironori, Yamauchi Toshimasa, Kadowaki Takashi
Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Functional Regulation of Adipocytes,Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Diabets and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate school of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Japan.
Clin Calcium. 2016 Mar;26(3):426-32.
Genomic DNA in eukaryotes forms a highly-organized structure called chromatin. Epigenetic regulation of genes involves DNA methylation and modifications of the histone tails such as acetylation and methylation, which lead to a given phenotype without a change in nucleotide sequence. Both genetic and environmental factors play important roles in the development of life-style diseases. Epigenetic regulation is implicated to contribute to the interplay between the environmental and genetic factors. Advance in DNA sequencing technologies provides novel insights into transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of the genes and mechanisms by which genomic polymorphism causes diseases. We will overview recent progress in the epigenetic studies on life-style diseases.
真核生物中的基因组DNA形成一种称为染色质的高度有序结构。基因的表观遗传调控涉及DNA甲基化以及组蛋白尾部的修饰，如乙酰化和甲基化，这些修饰在不改变核苷酸序列的情况下导致特定表型。遗传因素和环境因素在生活方式疾病的发生发展中都起着重要作用。表观遗传调控被认为有助于环境因素和遗传因素之间的相互作用。DNA测序技术的进步为基因的转录和表观遗传调控以及基因组多态性导致疾病的机制提供了新的见解。我们将概述生活方式疾病表观遗传学研究的最新进展。
