Cossellu G, Persico N, D'Ambrosi F, Carbone F, Fabietti I, Boito S, Farronato G, Fedele L, Nicolaides K H
Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology 'L. Mangiagalli', Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2016 Aug;48(2):177-80. doi: 10.1002/uog.15897. Epub 2016 Jun 19.
To compare the distance between the sphenoid and frontal bones on three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound in euploid and trisomy-21 fetuses at 16-24 weeks' gestation.
We acquired 3D volumes of the fetal profile from 80 normal and 30 trisomy-21 fetuses at 16-24 weeks' gestation. We used the multiplanar mode to obtain the mid-sagittal plane and measured the sphenofrontal distance as the shortest distance between the most anterior edge of the sphenoid bone and the lowest edge of the frontal bone.
In normal fetuses, the sphenofrontal distance increased linearly with gestational age, from 15.1 mm at 16 weeks to 18.2 mm at 24 weeks. In fetuses with trisomy 21, the mean sphenofrontal distance delta value was significantly smaller than in normal cases (-3.447 mm (95% CI, -5.684 to -1.211 mm); P < 0.01). The sphenofrontal distance was below the 5(th) and 1(st) percentiles of the normal range in 29 (96.7%) and 27 (90.0%) trisomy-21 fetuses, respectively.
The sphenofrontal distance is shorter at 16-24 weeks' gestation in fetuses with trisomy 21 than in normal fetuses. A reduction in the growth of the anterior cranial base contributes to the mid-facial hypoplasia observed in fetuses with trisomy 21. Copyright © 2016 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
比较孕16 - 24周整倍体胎儿与21 -三体胎儿三维（3D）超声下蝶骨与额骨之间的距离。
我们获取了80例孕16 - 24周正常胎儿和30例21 -三体胎儿的胎儿面部3D容积数据。我们使用多平面模式获取正中矢状面，并测量蝶额距离，即蝶骨最前缘与额骨最低缘之间的最短距离。
在正常胎儿中，蝶额距离随孕周呈线性增加，从16周时的15.1毫米增加至24周时的18.2毫米。在21 -三体胎儿中，蝶额距离的平均差值显著小于正常情况（-3.447毫米（95%置信区间，-5.684至-1.211毫米）；P < 0.01）。在21 -三体胎儿中，分别有29例（96.7%）和27例（90.0%）的蝶额距离低于正常范围的第5和第1百分位数。
孕16 - 24周时，21 -三体胎儿的蝶额距离短于正常胎儿。前颅底生长减缓导致了21 -三体胎儿中观察到的面中部发育不全。版权所有© 2016国际妇产科超声学会。由约翰·威利父子有限公司出版。
