Rutagarama Ornella, Gelaye Bizu, Tadesse Mahlet G, Lemma Seblewengel, Berhane Yemane, Williams Michelle A
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health Multidisciplinary International Research Training Program, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health Multidisciplinary International Research Training Program, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
J Sleep Disord Treat Care. 2015;4(3). doi: 10.4172/2325-9639.1000161. Epub 2015 Oct 20.
The Berlin and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) are simple, validated, and widely used questionnaires designed to assess symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) a common but often unrecognized cause of morbidity and mortality.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2,639 college students to examine the extent to which symptoms of OSAS are associated with the odds of common mental disorders (CMDs). The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) was used to evaluate the presence of CMDs while the Berlin and ESS were used to assess high-risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and excessive daytime sleepiness, respectively. Logistic regression procedures were used to derive odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) assessing the independent and joint associations of high-risk for OSA and excessive daytime sleepiness with odds of CMDs.
Approximately 19% of students had high-risk for OSA while 26.4% had excessive daytime sleepiness. Compared to students without high-risk for OSA and without excessive daytime sleepiness (referent group), students with excessive daytime sleepiness only (OR=2.01; 95%CI: 1.60-2.52) had increased odds of CMDs. The odds of CMDs for students with high-risk OSA only was 1.26 (OR=1.26; 95%CI 0.94-1.68). Students with both high-risk for OSA and excessive daytime sleepiness, compared to the referent group, had the highest odds of CMDs (OR=2.45; 95%CI: 1.69-3.56).
Our findings indicate that symptoms of OSAS are associated with increased risk of CMDs. These findings emphasize the comorbidity of sleep disorders and CMDs and suggest that there may be benefits to investing in educational programs that extend the knowledge of sleep disorders in young adults.
柏林问卷和爱泼沃斯思睡量表（ESS）是简单、经过验证且广泛使用的问卷，旨在评估阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）的症状，OSAS是一种常见但常未被认识的发病和死亡原因。
对2639名大学生进行了一项横断面研究，以检查OSAS症状与常见精神障碍（CMD）发生几率之间的关联程度。使用一般健康问卷（GHQ - 12）评估CMD的存在情况，而柏林问卷和ESS分别用于评估阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）的高风险和日间过度嗜睡情况。采用逻辑回归程序得出比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI），以评估OSA高风险和日间过度嗜睡与CMD发生几率的独立和联合关联。
约19%的学生存在OSA高风险，而26.4%的学生有日间过度嗜睡情况。与无OSA高风险且无日间过度嗜睡的学生（参照组）相比，仅日间过度嗜睡的学生发生CMD的几率增加（OR = 2.01；95%CI：1.60 - 2.52）。仅OSA高风险的学生发生CMD的几率为1.26（OR = 1.26；95%CI 0.94 - 1.68）。与参照组相比，同时存在OSA高风险和日间过度嗜睡的学生发生CMD的几率最高（OR = 2.45；95%CI：1.69 - 3.56）。
我们的研究结果表明，OSAS症状与CMD风险增加有关。这些发现强调了睡眠障碍和CMD的共病性，并表明投资开展扩展年轻人睡眠障碍知识的教育项目可能有益。
