基于跨理论模型的人体工程学教育干预对手术室护士采用正确身体姿势的影响。
Effect of an Ergonomics-Based Educational Intervention Based on Transtheoretical Model in Adopting Correct Body Posture Among Operating Room Nurses.
作者信息
Moazzami Zeinab, Dehdari Tahere, Taghdisi Mohammad Hosein, Soltanian Alireza
机构信息
School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
Glob J Health Sci. 2015 Nov 3;8(7):26-34. doi: 10.5539/gjhs.v8n7p26.
BACKGROUND
One of the preventive strategies for chronic low back pain among operating room nurses is instructing proper body mechanics and postural behavior, for which the use of the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) has been recommended.
METHODS
Eighty two nurses who were in the contemplation and preparation stages for adopting correct body posture were randomly selected (control group = 40, intervention group = 42). TTM variables and body posture were measured at baseline and again after 1 and 6 months after the intervention. A four-week ergonomics educational intervention based on TTM variables was designed and conducted for the nurses in the intervention group.
RESULTS
Following the intervention, a higher proportion of nurses in the intervention group moved into the action stage (p < 0.05). Mean scores of self-efficacy, pros, experimental processes and correct body posture were also significantly higher in the intervention group (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found in the cons and behavioral processes, except for self-liberation, between the two groups (p > 0.05) after the intervention.
CONCLUSIONS
The TTM provides a suitable framework for developing stage-based ergonomics interventions for postural behavior.
背景
手术室护士慢性下腰痛的预防策略之一是指导正确的身体力学和姿势行为，为此推荐使用跨理论模型（TTM）。
方法
随机选取82名处于采用正确身体姿势的沉思和准备阶段的护士（对照组 = 40，干预组 = 42）。在基线时以及干预后1个月和6个月再次测量TTM变量和身体姿势。为干预组的护士设计并实施了一项基于TTM变量的为期四周的人体工程学教育干预。
结果
干预后，干预组中更多比例的护士进入了行动阶段（p < 0.05）。干预组的自我效能感、益处、实验过程和正确身体姿势的平均得分也显著更高（p < 0.05）。干预后，除自我解放外，两组在不利因素和行为过程方面未发现显著差异（p > 0.05）。
结论
TTM为制定基于阶段的姿势行为人体工程学干预措施提供了合适的框架。
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