基于社会认知理论的装配线工人人体工效学行为评估工具 (EBET)：开发与心理测量评估。

The Ergonomic Behaviors Evaluation Tool (EBET) based on social cognitive theory for the assembly line workers: development and psychometric assessment.

机构信息

Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.

Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.

出版信息

BMC Public Health. 2024 May 6;24(1):1242. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18738-w.

DOI:10.1186/s12889-024-18738-w

PMID:38711084

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11071251/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Ergonomic behaviors play a crucial role in preventing work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). To measure these behaviors, this research aimed to develop and evaluate an ergonomic behaviors tool (EBET) based on the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) among women workers on assembly lines (WwAL).

METHODS

The study was conducted from December 2022 to January 2023 with a focus on the psychometric assessment of EBET. Initially, a literature review and interviews were carried out to identify crucial concepts and primary items. The questionnaire's validity was evaluated using the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and the Content Validity Index (CVI). To determine the domains of the tool, construct validity was examined by administering the items to 270 eligible women. The reliability of the tool was assessed using McDonald's Omega coefficient.

RESULTS

From a total of 67 primary items, 50 were confirmed. The study demonstrated good validity with CVR = 0.92 and CVI = 0.97, along with reliable results indicated by McDonald's Omega coefficient of 0.74. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) revealed ten distinct dimensions: outcome expectations, outcome expectancies, normative beliefs, perceived barriers, social support, observational learning, reinforcement, behavioral skills, self-efficacy, and intention. Together, these dimensions accounted for 66.25% of the variance in the data. Additionally, the confirmatory factor analysis results supported the presence of these ten constructs and demonstrated a satisfactory fit.

CONCLUSIONS

EBET is a dependable and valid instrument for evaluating the ergonomic behaviors of workers, utilizing the principles of SCT. Researchers can employ EBET to gather data and implement suitable training interventions to enhance ergonomic behavior among WwAL. However, it is crucial to recognize that EBET may not encompass all facets of ergonomic behaviors. Therefore, it is imperative for future research to prioritize the evaluation of EBET's suitability among diverse worker populations and to consider additional dimensions of ergonomics to ensure its wider applicability and effectiveness.

摘要

背景

人体工程学行为在预防与工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病（WMSD）方面起着至关重要的作用。为了测量这些行为，本研究旨在基于社会认知理论（SCT）为装配线上的女性工人（WwAL）开发和评估一种基于社会认知理论（SCT）的人体工程学行为工具（EBET）。

方法

这项研究于 2022 年 12 月至 2023 年 1 月进行，重点是对 EBET 的心理测量评估。最初，通过文献回顾和访谈确定了关键概念和初步项目。使用内容效度比（CVR）和内容效度指数（CVI）评估问卷的有效性。为了确定工具的领域，通过向 270 名符合条件的女性施测项目来检验构念效度。使用 McDonald 的 Omega 系数评估工具的可靠性。

结果

从总共 67 个初步项目中，确认了 50 个项目。研究表明，CVR=0.92 和 CVI=0.97，具有良好的有效性，同时 McDonald 的 Omega 系数为 0.74，表明结果可靠。探索性因素分析（EFA）显示了十个不同的维度：结果预期、结果预期、规范信念、感知障碍、社会支持、观察学习、强化、行为技能、自我效能和意图。这些维度共同解释了数据方差的 66.25%。此外，验证性因素分析结果支持存在这十个结构，并表现出令人满意的拟合度。

结论

EBET 是一种可靠且有效的工具，可用于评估工人的人体工程学行为，利用 SCT 的原理。研究人员可以使用 EBET 收集数据并实施适当的培训干预措施，以提高 WwAL 的人体工程学行为。然而，需要认识到 EBET 可能无法包含人体工程学行为的所有方面。因此，未来的研究需要优先评估 EBET 在不同工人群体中的适用性，并考虑人体工程学的其他维度，以确保其更广泛的适用性和有效性。