Restivo Maria R, McKinnon Margaret C, Frey Benicio N, Hall Geoffrey B, Taylor Valerie H
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
BMJ Open. 2016 Feb 29;6(2):e009347. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009347.
Obesity is a common medical illness that is increasingly recognised as conferring risk of decline in cognitive performance, independent of other comorbid medical conditions. Individuals with mood disorders (bipolar disorder (BD) or major depressive disorder (MDD)) display an increased prevalence of both obesity and risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, BD and MDD are associated with impairment in cognitive functioning across multiple domains. The independent contribution of obesity to cognitive decline in this population has not been explored. This study examines the impact of obesity on cognition by comparing neuropsychological performance in obese individuals, with or without a mood disorder before and after undergoing bariatric surgery.
This study compares measures of declarative memory, executive functioning and attention in obese individuals (body mass index >35 kg/m(2)) with BD or MDD, and 2 control populations (obese individuals without a psychiatric illness and healthy non-obese controls) prior to and following bariatric surgery. Participants (ages 18-60) receive a psychiatric diagnosis via the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV; SCID). Mood ratings, physical measurements, nutritional and health questionnaires are also administered. A standardised battery of neuropsychological tests aimed at establishing performance in areas of declarative memory, executive functioning and attention are administered. Warrington's Recognition Memory Task (RMT) and an N-Back Task are performed in a 3 T functional MRI to investigate patterns of neural activation during cognitive performance. Additionally, anatomical MRI data are obtained to investigate potential changes in neural structures. Baseline data will be analysed for between-group differences and later compared with postsurgical data to investigate cognitive change.
This study has been approved by the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board (09-3254). Results will be available in peer-reviewed scientific publications and scientific meetings presentations, and released in lay form to media.
肥胖是一种常见的医学疾病，越来越多的人认识到它会导致认知能力下降，且与其他合并症无关。患有情绪障碍（双相情感障碍（BD）或重度抑郁症（MDD））的个体肥胖率以及心血管疾病风险因素的患病率均有所增加。此外，BD和MDD与多个领域的认知功能损害有关。肥胖对该人群认知能力下降的独立影响尚未得到研究。本研究通过比较肥胖个体（无论是否患有情绪障碍）在接受减肥手术前后的神经心理表现，来研究肥胖对认知的影响。
本研究比较了肥胖个体（体重指数>35 kg/m²）合并BD或MDD与两个对照组（无精神疾病的肥胖个体和健康的非肥胖对照组）在减肥手术前后的陈述性记忆、执行功能和注意力测量指标。参与者（年龄18 - 60岁）通过《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV；SCID）的结构化临床访谈获得精神疾病诊断。还会进行情绪评分、身体测量、营养和健康问卷调查。进行一系列标准化的神经心理测试，旨在评估陈述性记忆、执行功能和注意力方面的表现。在3T功能磁共振成像中进行沃林顿识别记忆任务（RMT）和n-back任务，以研究认知表现期间的神经激活模式。此外，获取解剖磁共振成像数据以研究神经结构的潜在变化。对基线数据进行组间差异分析，随后与术后数据进行比较，以研究认知变化。
本研究已获得汉密尔顿综合研究伦理委员会批准（09 - 3254）。研究结果将发表在同行评审的科学出版物和科学会议报告中，并以通俗易懂的形式向媒体发布。
