Shah Chirag M, Griffith April M, Ciera James, Zulu Eliya M, Palermo Tia M
Stony Brook University School of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY), Stony Brook, NY, USA; African Institute for Development Policy (AFIDEP), Nairobi, Kenya.
Stony Brook University School of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY), Stony Brook, NY, USA; African Institute for Development Policy (AFIDEP), Nairobi, Kenya.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2016 Apr;133(1):53-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2015.08.016. Epub 2015 Dec 19.
To examine trends in equity in contraceptive use, and in contraceptive-prevalence rates in six East African countries.
In this repeated cross-sectional study, Demographic and Health Surveys Program data from women aged 15-49 years in Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda between 2000 and 2010 were analyzed. Individuals were ranked according to wealth quintile, stratified urban/rural populations, and calculated concentration index-a statistic integrating information from all wealth quintiles to analyze disparities.
Equity and contraceptive-prevalence rates increased in most country regions over the study period. Notably, in rural Rwanda, contraceptive-prevalence rates increased from 3.9 to 44.0, and urban Kenya became the most equitable country region, with a concentration index of 0.02. The Pearson correlation coefficient between improvements in concentration index and contraceptive-prevalence rates was 0.52 (P=0.011).
The results indicate that countries seeking to increase contraceptive use should prioritize equity in access to services and contraceptives.
研究东非六个国家避孕药具使用的公平性趋势以及避孕普及率。
在这项重复横断面研究中，分析了2000年至2010年间埃塞俄比亚、肯尼亚、马拉维、卢旺达、坦桑尼亚和乌干达15至49岁女性的人口与健康调查项目数据。个体按财富五分位数、城乡人口分层进行排名，并计算集中指数——一种整合所有财富五分位数信息以分析差异的统计量。
在研究期间，大多数国家地区的公平性和避孕普及率有所提高。值得注意的是，在卢旺达农村，避孕普及率从3.9%升至44.0%，肯尼亚城市成为最公平的国家地区，集中指数为0.02。集中指数改善与避孕普及率之间的皮尔逊相关系数为0.52（P = 0.011）。
结果表明，寻求提高避孕药具使用率的国家应优先考虑服务和避孕药具获取的公平性。
