向实习医生传授营养知识：2016年我们将何去何从？

Teaching Doctors-in-Training About Nutrition: Where Are We Going in 2016?

作者信息

Crawford Allison L, Aspry Karen E

机构信息

Resident Physician, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School, Brown University.

Assistant Professor of Medicine (Clinical), Alpert Medical School, Brown University. Director, Lipid and Prevention Program, Lifespan Cardiovascular Institute.

出版信息

R I Med J (2013). 2016 Mar 1;99(3):23-5.

PMID:26929967

Abstract

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of preventable death in the U.S., and its public health and economic burdens are rising. There is substantial evidence that dietary factors significantly reduce ASCVD-related morbidity and mortality, and that Americans, including those with established ASCVD, adhere poorly to cardio-protective diet patterns. Despite this, there continues to be a large gap in nutrition education during medical school and post-graduate training, leaving physicians poorly prepared to counsel patients on diet, nutrition, and related behavior change. The result is a massive missed opportunity to improve cardiovascular disease prevention at the health system level. However, recent calls for change by stakeholder groups, and a surprising new experiential learning model, suggest this may be changing.

摘要

动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（ASCVD）是美国可预防死亡的主要原因，其对公共卫生和经济造成的负担正在不断加重。有大量证据表明，饮食因素可显著降低与ASCVD相关的发病率和死亡率，然而包括患有确诊ASCVD的人群在内，美国人对心脏保护饮食模式的依从性较差。尽管如此，医学院校和毕业后培训期间的营养教育仍存在巨大差距，这使得医生在为患者提供饮食、营养及相关行为改变方面的咨询时准备不足。其结果是在卫生系统层面错失了改善心血管疾病预防的重大机遇。不过，利益相关者团体最近呼吁做出改变，以及一种全新且令人惊讶的体验式学习模式表明这种情况可能正在发生变化。