Li Jian-jun, Ren Mei-ling, Wang Jun, Jia Guo-lun, Pei Li-xin, Sun Shu-wu
Zhong Yao Cai. 2015 Sep;38(9):1787-91.
To breeding the new varieties Dioscorea opposita cv. Tiegun with the best comprehensive properties.
Seven new Dioscorea opposita. cv. Tiegun cultivars were screened by space mutation breeding of Dioscorea opposita cv. Tiegun bulbils. Yield,allantoin content,water soluble extractive and the resistance of these seven cultivars were compared with the main cultivar Dioscorea opposita cv. Tiegun( CK). Meanwhile, the nutrition quality of new cultivars No. 6 and No. 10 were compared with the main cultivar.
(1) The fresh weight per plant ranked in the order as follows: No. 6 > No. 10 > No. 4 > No. 9 > No. 1 > CK > No. 2 > No. 8. The drying rate ranked in the order as follows: No. 2 > No. 10 > No. 9 > No. 6 > No. 8 > CK > No. 1 > No. 4. Dry weight per plant ranked in the order as follows: No. 10 > No. 9 > No. 6 > No. 2 > No. 1 > CK > No. 4 > No. 8. The fresh weight per plant, drying rate and dry weight per plant of No. 6 and No. 10 were higher than the main cultivar. (2) The allantoin content ranked in the order as follows: No. 6 > No. 4 > No. 10 > CK > No. 9 > No. 8 > No. 2 > No. 1. (3) The water soluble extractive contents ranked in the order as follows: No. 6 > No. 2 > No. 4 > No. 10 > No. 1 > CK > No. 9 > No. 8. The water soluble extractive content of No. 6 was higher than No. 10 and the main cultivar. (4) No. 10 had the best taste of dry, soft, sweet and fragrant, No. 6 had the taste of dry, floury and hard, and No. 9 had the taste of dry and crisp. (5) No. 6 had the strongest resistance to Gloeosporium pestis and Cykindrosporium dioscoreae; No. 10 had a middle resistance to Gloeosporium pestis and a strong resistance to Cykindrosporium dioscoreae; and the main cultivar had a middle degree of being prone to Gloeosporium pestis and a middle resistance to Cykindrosporium dioscoreae. (6) The content of starch, reducing sugar, protein and ash in No. 6 and No. 10 were higher than that of the main cultivar,while the content of water in No. 6 and No. 10 were lower,which indicated that the nutrition quality of No. 6 and No. 10 is better than the main cultivar.
The new cultivar No. 10 is suitable for popularizing as a new variety of edible Dioscorea opposita cv. Tiegun. The new cultivar No. 6 is suitable for popularizing as a new variety of medicinal Dioscorea opposita cv. Tiegun.
选育出综合性能最佳的铁棍山药新品种。
以铁棍山药珠芽为材料进行空间诱变育种，筛选出7个铁棍山药新品种。将这7个品种的产量、尿囊素含量、水溶性浸出物及抗性与主栽品种铁棍山药（CK）进行比较。同时，将6号和10号新品种的营养品质与主栽品种进行比较。
（1）单株鲜重排序为：6号＞10号＞4号＞9号＞1号＞CK＞2号＞8号。烘干率排序为：2号＞10号＞9号＞6号＞8号＞CK＞1号＞4号。单株干重排序为：10号＞9号＞6号＞2号＞1号＞CK＞4号＞8号。6号和10号的单株鲜重、烘干率和单株干重均高于主栽品种。（2）尿囊素含量排序为：6号＞4号＞10号＞CK＞9号＞8号＞2号＞1号。（3）水溶性浸出物含量排序为：6号＞2号＞4号＞10号＞1号＞CK＞9号＞8号。6号的水溶性浸出物含量高于10号和主栽品种。（4）10号口感干、软、甜、香最佳，6号口感干、面、硬，9号口感干、脆。（5）6号对炭疽病和白涩病抗性最强；10号对炭疽病抗性中等，对白涩病抗性强；主栽品种对炭疽病中度易感，对白涩病抗性中等。（6）6号和10号的淀粉、还原糖、蛋白质和灰分含量均高于主栽品种，而6号和10号的水分含量较低，表明6号和10号的营养品质优于主栽品种。
10号新品种适合作为食用型铁棍山药新品种推广。6号新品种适合作为药用型铁棍山药新品种推广。
