Zulli Anthony, Smith Renee M, Kubatka Peter, Novak Jan, Uehara Yoshio, Loftus Hayley, Qaradakhi Tawar, Pohanka Miroslav, Kobyliak Nazarii, Zagatina Angela, Klimas Jan, Hayes Alan, La Rocca Giampiero, Soucek Miroslav, Kruzliak Peter
Centre for Chronic Disease (CCD), College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia.
Eur J Nutr. 2016 Jun;55(4):1331-43. doi: 10.1007/s00394-016-1179-z. Epub 2016 Mar 1.
Caffeine is a most widely consumed physiological stimulant worldwide, which is consumed via natural sources, such as coffee and tea, and now marketed sources such as energy drinks and other dietary supplements. This wide use has led to concerns regarding the safety of caffeine and its proposed beneficial role in alertness, performance and energy expenditure and side effects in the cardiovascular system. The question remains "Which dose is safe?", as the population does not appear to adhere to the strict guidelines listed on caffeine consumption. Studies in humans and animal models yield controversial results, which can be explained by population, type and dose of caffeine and low statistical power. This review will focus on comprehensive and critical review of the current literature and provide an avenue for further study.
咖啡因是全球消费最为广泛的一种生理性兴奋剂，人们通过天然来源（如咖啡和茶）摄入它，如今还通过能量饮料和其他膳食补充剂等市场销售渠道摄入。这种广泛使用引发了人们对咖啡因安全性的担忧，以及它在提高警觉性、提升表现和能量消耗方面所宣称的有益作用，还有其对心血管系统的副作用。问题仍然是“多大剂量是安全的？”，因为人们似乎并未遵循关于咖啡因摄入量的严格指导方针。对人类和动物模型的研究产生了相互矛盾的结果，这可以用咖啡因的人群、类型和剂量以及低统计效力来解释。本综述将聚焦于对当前文献进行全面且批判性的审视，并为进一步研究提供一条途径。
