Kumpiene Jurate, Brännvall Evelina, Wolters Martin, Skoglund Nils, Čirba Stasys, Aksamitauskas Vladislovas Česlovas
Waste Science and Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden.
Waste Science and Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden.
Chemosphere. 2016 May;151:124-32. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.02.069. Epub 2016 Mar 15.
The recycling of hygienized municipal sewage sludge (biosolids) to soil as the source of phosphorus (P) is generally encouraged. The use of biosolids, however, has some concerns, such as the presence of elevated concentrations of potentially toxic trace elements, and the possible presence of pathogens, hormones and antibiotics. Organic substances are destroyed during combustion whereas trace elements could partly be separated from P in different ash fractions. Biomass combustion waste (ash) can instead be considered as an alternative P source. This study evaluates and compares the impact of biosolids and their combustion residues (ashes), when used as fertilizers, on P and Cd solubility in soil, plant growth and plant uptake of these elements. Biosolids were also amended with K and Ca to improve the composition and properties of P in ashes, and incinerated at either 800 °C or 950 °C. Combustion of biosolids improved the Cd/P ratio in ashes by 2-5 times, compared with the initial biosolids. The low Cd content in ashes (4-9 mg Cd (kg P)(-1)) makes this material a particularly attractive alternative to mineral fertilizers. Significantly higher pore water P (as well as total N) was measured in soils containing biosolids, but plants produced a higher biomass in soil fertilized with ashes. The K and Ca amendments prior to biosolids combustion generally decreased the total Cd in ash, but had little effect on P and Cd uptake and biomass growth. Similarly, the combustion temperature had negligible effect on these factors as well.
通常鼓励将经过卫生处理的城市污水污泥（生物固体）作为磷（P）源回用于土壤。然而，使用生物固体存在一些问题，例如可能含有高浓度的潜在有毒微量元素，以及可能存在病原体、激素和抗生素。有机物质在燃烧过程中被破坏，而微量元素可能会在不同的灰分中与磷部分分离。生物质燃烧废物（灰分）反而可以被视为一种替代磷源。本研究评估并比较了生物固体及其燃烧残渣（灰分）用作肥料时，对土壤中磷和镉的溶解度、植物生长以及植物对这些元素的吸收的影响。还对生物固体添加了钾和钙以改善灰分中磷的组成和性质，并在800℃或950℃下进行焚烧。与初始生物固体相比，生物固体燃烧使灰分中的镉/磷比提高了2至5倍。灰分中低含量的镉（4 - 9毫克镉/（千克磷）⁻¹）使这种材料成为矿物肥料特别有吸引力的替代品。在含有生物固体的土壤中测得的孔隙水磷（以及总氮）显著更高，但在施用灰分的土壤中植物产生的生物量更高。生物固体燃烧前添加钾和钙通常会降低灰分中的总镉含量，但对磷和镉的吸收以及生物量增长影响不大。同样，燃烧温度对这些因素的影响也可以忽略不计。
