Boukhris R
Centre de Recherche en Reproduction humaine (O.N.F.P.), Nouvelle Ariana, Tunisie.
J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). 1989;18(7):831-42.
The relationship between sex hormones and the skin is increasingly considered to be very important. The skin has appropriately been called "A peripheral endocrine gland". In this review some aspects of the cutaneous metabolism of oestrogens, progestogens and particularly androgens are analyzed. Production of skin collagen is markedly enhanced by oestrogens. Progestogens with strong androgenic activity and especially androgens have a powerful stimulating action on all skin elements particularly the epidermis and the dermis the sebaceous glands and the hair. The skin manifestations of hyperandrogenism and disturbances of reproductive functions such as anovulation, oligoamenorrhoea and polycystic ovarian disease are usually the consequences of three main aetiopathogenic factors: the first is an abnormality of GnRH pulsatility related to central nervous system dysfunction and seemingly mediated by an increase in beta Endorphin, possibly related to some extent to changes in body weight and hyperinsulinism. The second aetiopathogenic approach is hyperaestronaemia secondary to obesity. Finally adrenal hyperandrogenism caused by different types of congenital adrenal hyperplasia or by increased sensitivity to ACTH may be implicated in these various clinical manifestations.
性激素与皮肤之间的关系越来越被认为非常重要。皮肤被恰当地称为“外周内分泌腺”。在这篇综述中，分析了雌激素、孕激素尤其是雄激素在皮肤代谢方面的一些情况。雌激素能显著增强皮肤胶原蛋白的生成。具有强雄激素活性的孕激素尤其是雄激素对所有皮肤成分，特别是表皮、真皮、皮脂腺和毛发有强大的刺激作用。高雄激素血症以及生殖功能紊乱（如无排卵、月经过少和多囊卵巢疾病）的皮肤表现通常是由三个主要病因致病因素导致的：第一个是与中枢神经系统功能障碍相关的促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）脉冲异常，似乎由β-内啡肽增加介导，可能在一定程度上与体重变化和高胰岛素血症有关。第二个致病途径是肥胖继发的高雌酮血症。最后，由不同类型的先天性肾上腺增生或对促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）敏感性增加引起的肾上腺高雄激素血症可能与这些各种临床表现有关。
