Gallassi Andrea Donatti, Nakano Eduardo Yoshio, Wagner Gabriela Arantes, de Oliveira Silva Maria de Nazareth Rodrigues Malcher, Fischer Benedikt
Center of Drugs and Associated Vulnerabilities, Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasilia, Brazil; Science and Health Technology Program, Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasilia, Brazil.
Department of Statistics, University of Brasilia, Brazil.
Int J Drug Policy. 2016 May;31:99-103. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2016.01.020. Epub 2016 Feb 4.
Substance use is common in Brazil. In order to improve availability of substance misuse care services, over 400 Psycho-Social Care Centres for Alcohol and Drugs (CAPS-AD) - providing community-based care - have been established following mental health care reform (2001). Information on CAPS-AD clients and outcomes is limited. The present study examined select characteristics of local CAPS-AD clients.
N=143 adult CAPS-AD clients in Ceilândia (suburb of Brasília, Federal District) participated in a 1-week 'snapshot' assessment of service users (February 2015). Following consent, descriptive data were collected by a brief, anonymous interviewer-administered questionnaire that included socio-demographic, drug use, treatment history and needs/barriers information.
Participants were predominantly male; middle-aged; unemployed; married; with middle-school education; primary problem drugs indicated were alcohol and cocaine/crack; half had prior treatment histories and indicated that treatment was externally motivated; 60% reported ways to improve treatment and possible reasons for treatment discontinuation; in multi-variate analyses, the latter was associated with employment and education status (both p<.05).
CAPS-AD services appear to have increased low-barrier substance misuse treatment availability in Brazil, as well as attract individuals new to the treatment system. Various potential barriers to continuing in treatment should be addressed and more research on CAPS-AD clients and outcomes is needed.
药物使用在巴西很常见。为了提高药物滥用护理服务的可及性，自2001年精神卫生保健改革后，已设立了400多个酒精和药物心理社会护理中心（CAPS-AD），提供基于社区的护理。关于CAPS-AD服务对象及其治疗结果的信息有限。本研究调查了当地CAPS-AD服务对象的特定特征。
2015年2月，位于巴西利亚联邦区郊区塞兰迪亚的143名成年CAPS-AD服务对象参与了为期1周的服务使用者“快照”评估。在获得同意后，通过一份简短的、由访谈员管理的匿名问卷收集描述性数据，问卷内容包括社会人口统计学、药物使用、治疗史以及需求/障碍信息。
参与者主要为男性，中年，失业，已婚，接受过中学教育，主要问题药物为酒精和可卡因/强效纯可卡因；一半人有过治疗史，且表示治疗是受外部因素驱动；60%的人报告了改善治疗的方法以及治疗中断的可能原因；在多变量分析中，后者与就业和教育状况相关（均为p<0.05）。
CAPS-AD服务似乎提高了巴西低门槛药物滥用治疗的可及性，同时也吸引了新进入治疗系统的人群。应解决治疗持续过程中的各种潜在障碍，并且需要对CAPS-AD服务对象及其治疗结果开展更多研究。
