Williams Andrew R, Peña-Espinoza Miguel A, Boas Ulrik, Simonsen Henrik T, Enemark Heidi L, Thamsborg Stig M
Department of Veterinary Disease Biology,University of Copenhagen,Frederiksberg C,Denmark.
National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark,Frederiksberg C,Denmark.
Parasitology. 2016 May;143(6):770-7. doi: 10.1017/S0031182016000287. Epub 2016 Mar 3.
Chicory is a perennial crop that has been investigated as a forage source for outdoor-reared ruminants and pigs, and has been reported to have anthelmintic properties. Here, we investigated in vitro anthelmintic effects of forage chicory-extracts against the highly prevalent swine parasites Ascaris suum and Oesophagostomum dentatum. Methanol extracts were prepared and purified from two different cultivars of chicory (Spadona and Puna II). Marked differences were observed between the anthelmintic activity of extracts from the two cultivars. Spadona extracts had potent activity against A. suum third (L3) and fourth (L4) - stage larvae, as well as O. dentatum L4 and adults, whereas Puna II extracts had less activity against A. suum and no activity towards O. dentatum L4. Transmission-electron microscopy of A. suum L4 exposed to Spadona extracts revealed only subtle changes, perhaps indicative of a specific anthelmintic effect rather than generalized toxicity. Ultra-high liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the purified extracts were rich in sesquiterpene lactones (SL), and that the SL profile differed significantly between cultivars. This is the first report of anthelmintic activity of forage chicory towards swine nematodes. Our results indicate a significant anthelmintic effect, which may possibly be related to SL composition.
菊苣是一种多年生作物，已被作为户外饲养反刍动物和猪的饲料来源进行研究，并且据报道具有驱虫特性。在此，我们研究了饲料菊苣提取物对猪的常见寄生虫猪蛔虫和齿状食道口线虫的体外驱虫效果。从两种不同的菊苣品种（斯帕多纳和普纳二号）制备并纯化了甲醇提取物。观察到两个品种提取物的驱虫活性存在显著差异。斯帕多纳提取物对猪蛔虫第三期（L3）和第四期（L4）幼虫以及齿状食道口线虫L4和成虫具有强效活性，而普纳二号提取物对猪蛔虫的活性较低，对齿状食道口线虫L4无活性。对暴露于斯帕多纳提取物的猪蛔虫L4进行透射电子显微镜观察仅发现细微变化，这可能表明是一种特定的驱虫作用而非普遍毒性。超高效液相色谱 - 质谱分析表明，纯化后的提取物富含倍半萜内酯（SL），并且两个品种之间的SL谱有显著差异。这是关于饲料菊苣对猪线虫驱虫活性的首次报道。我们的结果表明其具有显著的驱虫效果，这可能与SL成分有关。
