Rodríguez-Hernández Pablo, Reyes-Palomo Carolina, Sanz-Fernández Santos, Rufino-Moya Pablo José, Zafra Rafael, Martínez-Moreno Francisco Javier, Rodríguez-Estévez Vicente, Díaz-Gaona Cipriano
Department of Animal Production, Cátedra de Producción Ecológica Ecovalia-Clemente Mata, UIC ENZOEM, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Agrifood Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
Animal Health Department (Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases), UIC ENZOEM, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, International Agrifood Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Jan 5;13(2):201. doi: 10.3390/ani13020201.
Internal parasites are one of the main causes of health threats in livestock production, especially in extensive livestock farming. Despite the environmental toxic effects (loss of dung beetles, biodiversity, and other issues) and resistance phenomenon derived from their prolonged use, anti-parasitic chemical pharmaceuticals are frequently used, even in organic farming. Such a situation within the context of climate change requires urgent exploration of alternative compounds to solve these problems and apparent conflicts between organic farming objectives regarding the environment, public health, and animal health. This review is focused on some plants ( spp., L., family, L., spp., Scop.) that are well known for their antiparasitic effect, are voluntarily grazed and ingested, and can be spontaneously found or cultivated in southern Europe and other regions with a Mediterranean climate. The differences found between effectiveness, parasite species affected, experiments, and active compounds are explored. A total of 87 papers where antiparasitic activity of those plants have been studied are included in this review; 75% studied the effect on ruminant parasites, where gastrointestinal nematodes were the parasite group most studied (70%), and these included natural (31%) and experimental (37%) infections.
体内寄生虫是畜牧生产中健康威胁的主要原因之一，在粗放式畜牧养殖中尤为如此。尽管长期使用抗寄生虫化学药物会产生环境毒性效应（蜣螂数量减少、生物多样性丧失及其他问题）和耐药现象，但即便在有机养殖中，这类药物仍被频繁使用。在气候变化背景下，这种情况迫切需要探索替代化合物，以解决这些问题以及有机养殖在环境、公共卫生和动物健康目标方面明显的冲突。本综述聚焦于一些植物（[具体植物属名1]、[具体植物种名1]、[植物科名]、[具体植物属名2]、[具体植物种名2]、[具体植物属名3]、[scop.相关植物]），它们以抗寄生虫作用而闻名，是家畜自愿啃食摄入的，且在地中海气候的南欧及其他地区能够自然生长或人工栽培。文中探讨了这些植物在有效性、受影响的寄生虫种类、实验以及活性成分方面存在的差异。本综述共纳入了87篇研究这些植物抗寄生虫活性的论文；其中75%研究了对反刍动物寄生虫的影响，其中胃肠道线虫是研究最多的寄生虫类别（占70%），这些研究涵盖了自然感染（占31%）和实验感染（占37%）。
