Brunjes Peter C, Feldman Sanford, Osterberg Stephen K
Department Psychology, University of Virginia, 102 Gilmer Hall, PO Box 400400, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA and
Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Virginia, 102 Gilmer Hall, PO Box 400400, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
Chem Senses. 2016 Jun;41(5):415-25. doi: 10.1093/chemse/bjw016. Epub 2016 Mar 2.
Despite the fact that pigs are reputed to have excellent olfactory abilities, few studies have examined regions of the pig brain involved in the sense of smell. The present study provides an overview of the olfactory bulb, anterior olfactory nucleus, and piriform cortex of adult pigs using several approaches. Nissl, myelin, and Golgi stains were used to produce a general overview of the organization of the regions and confocal microscopy was employed to examine 1) projection neurons, 2) GABAergic local circuit neurons that express somatostatin, parvalbumin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, or calretinin, 3) neuromodulatory fibers (cholinergic and serotonergic), and 4) glia (astrocytes and microglia). The findings revealed that pig olfactory structures are quite large, highly organized and follow the general patterns observed in mammals.
尽管猪素有嗅觉敏锐的名声，但很少有研究考察猪大脑中与嗅觉相关的区域。本研究采用多种方法，对成年猪的嗅球、前嗅核和梨状皮质进行了概述。使用尼氏染色、髓鞘染色和高尔基染色对这些区域的组织结构进行总体概述，并采用共聚焦显微镜检查：1）投射神经元；2）表达生长抑素、小白蛋白、血管活性肠肽或钙视网膜蛋白的γ-氨基丁酸能局部回路神经元；3）神经调节纤维（胆碱能和5-羟色胺能）；4）神经胶质细胞（星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞）。研究结果显示，猪的嗅觉结构相当大，组织高度有序，且遵循在哺乳动物中观察到的一般模式。
