Wang Jinhua, Li Shiwei, Cui Xinyi, Li Huiming, Qian Xin, Wang Cheng, Sun Yixuan
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2016 Jun;128:161-70. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.02.020. Epub 2016 Mar 1.
Arsenic, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn total concentrations and bioaccessibilities in 15 urban park dust samples were determined. The oral bioaccessibility measured by the Simple Bioaccessibility Extraction Test (SBET) decreased in the order of Pb>Cd>Zn>Mn>Cu>Co>V>Ni>As>Cr. The Tomlinson pollution load index (PLI) and geoaccumulation index (I(geo)) were calculated to evaluate the pollution extent to which the samples were contaminated. Sources were identified using principal component analysis and Pb isotope compositions. Most elements except Co and V were considered to mainly originate from anthropogenic sources. Non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks to humans through urban park dust exposure were assessed using the oral bioaccessibilities of the elements. Ingestion was the main pathway for non-carcinogenic risk. The hazard quotients were below the safe level (=1) for all elements, however, Pb (0.154) and As (0.184) posed potential higher risks to children than adults. The carcinogenic effects occurring were below the acceptable level (10(-4)) for As and <10(-6) for Cd, Co, Cr, and Ni.
测定了15个城市公园灰尘样品中砷、镉、钴、铬、铜、锰、镍、铅、钒和锌的总浓度及生物可利用性。通过简单生物可利用性提取试验（SBET）测得的口服生物可利用性按以下顺序降低：铅>镉>锌>锰>铜>钴>钒>镍>砷>铬。计算了汤姆林森污染负荷指数（PLI）和地累积指数（I(geo)），以评估样品的污染程度。使用主成分分析和铅同位素组成来识别来源。除钴和钒外，大多数元素被认为主要源自人为来源。利用元素的口服生物可利用性评估了通过城市公园灰尘接触对人类造成的非致癌和致癌风险。摄入是造成非致癌风险的主要途径。所有元素的危害商均低于安全水平（=1），然而，铅（0.154）和砷（0.184）对儿童造成的潜在风险高于成人。砷的致癌效应低于可接受水平（10(-4)），镉、钴、铬和镍的致癌效应低于10(-6)。
