Young Jonathan A, List Edward O, Kopchick John J
Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA.
Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA; Department of Specialty Medicine, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA.
Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2016;138:27-39. doi: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.10.014. Epub 2016 Jan 13.
Growth hormone (GH)-induced signaling results in numerous effects in multiple tissues throughout the body. Elucidation of several of these effects has come from studies observing the various phenotypes of the GH receptor (GHR) gene-disrupted (GHR-/-) mouse. These mice are dwarf and obese with increased insulin sensitivity, are resistant to cancer and diabetes, and have an extended lifespan. While these mice have proven to be a valuable tool for understanding the pleiotropic effects of GH, we and others have generated novel tissue-specific GHR gene-disrupted mouse lines that are now helping to further dissect the actions of GH on specific cells/tissues. In this chapter, we summarize the various phenotypes observed in these mice.
生长激素（GH）诱导的信号传导在全身多个组织中产生多种效应。对其中一些效应的阐明来自于对生长激素受体（GHR）基因敲除（GHR-/-）小鼠各种表型的研究观察。这些小鼠体型矮小且肥胖，胰岛素敏感性增加，对癌症和糖尿病具有抗性，并且寿命延长。虽然这些小鼠已被证明是理解GH多效性作用的有价值工具，但我们和其他人已经培育出新型组织特异性GHR基因敲除小鼠品系，这些品系现在有助于进一步剖析GH对特定细胞/组织的作用。在本章中，我们总结了在这些小鼠中观察到的各种表型。
