Cacciapuoti Federico
Department of Internal Medicine, Second University of Naples, Piazza L. Miraglia, 2, 80138-Naples, Italy
Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis. 2016 Apr;10(2):98-102. doi: 10.1177/1753944716636042. Epub 2016 Mar 3.
Among the innovative drugs recently introduced for the management of chronic stable angina, Ranolazine and ivabradine represent two most true innovations. In fact, even if both drugs act by reducing myocardial work and thus oxygen consumption, this happens by a peculiar mechanism unlike that of conventional antischemic drugs. Ranolazine mediates its antianginal effects by the inhibition of cardiac late sodium current. This improves myocardial relaxation favoring myocardial perfusion. Ivabradine is a selective If channel blocker and acts by reducing firing rate of pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial node, without affecting the duration of action potential. The reduction of heart rate causes a reduction of left ventricular end diastolic pressure and increases the time useful to coronary flow by a prolongation of the diastole. A body of evidence found that two drugs are useful in ischemic patients whether at rest or during exercise. In addition, they can be used in monotherapy or in association with other conventional anti-ischemic drugs. The two medications could be used with advantage also in microvascular angina when standard therapy is ineffective. Thus, the two drugs represent an adjunctive and powerful therapeutic modality for the treatment of chronic stable angina, especially when conventional antianginal drugs were insufficient or inadequate.
在最近用于治疗慢性稳定型心绞痛的创新药物中,雷诺嗪和伊伐布雷定代表了两项最具创新性的药物。事实上,尽管这两种药物都通过减少心肌做功从而降低氧耗来发挥作用,但它们的作用机制独特,与传统抗缺血药物不同。雷诺嗪通过抑制心脏晚期钠电流来介导其抗心绞痛作用。这改善了心肌舒张,有利于心肌灌注。伊伐布雷定是一种选择性If通道阻滞剂,通过降低窦房结起搏细胞的发放频率起作用,而不影响动作电位的持续时间。心率降低导致左心室舒张末期压力降低,并通过延长舒张期增加了冠状动脉血流的有效时间。大量证据表明,这两种药物对缺血患者无论在静息状态还是运动时都有效。此外,它们可用于单一疗法或与其他传统抗缺血药物联合使用。当标准治疗无效时,这两种药物在微血管性心绞痛中也可有效使用。因此,这两种药物是治疗慢性稳定型心绞痛的一种辅助且有效的治疗方式,尤其是在传统抗心绞痛药物不足或无效时。