Department of Psychology, University of Leipzig, Neumarkt 9-19, D-04081 Leipzig, Germany.
Department of Psychology, University of Leipzig, Neumarkt 9-19, D-04081 Leipzig, Germany.
J Psychosom Res. 2016 Mar;82:17-23. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2016.01.005. Epub 2016 Jan 15.
Many studies using different assessment methods have reported personality changes after acquired brain injury (ABI). However, to our knowledge, no prospective study has yet been conducted to examine whether previous cross-sectional and retrospective results can be replicated in a longitudinal prospective design. Further, because clinical control groups were only rarely used, it remains debatable if the personality changes found are unique to patients with ABI or if they also affect patients with other disabilities.
This study examined personality change in 114 participants with different kinds of ABI, 1321 matched controls (general control, GC), and 746 matched participants with restrictive impairments other than brain injury (clinical control, CC) in a prospective longitudinal design using data from the panel survey Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA).
Participants with ABI showed significantly larger declines in Extraversion and Conscientiousness compared with the GC group. When the ABI participants were compared with the CC group, only the difference in Conscientiousness remained significant.
Our prospective data corroborate evidence from previous cross-sectional studies that patients with ABI experience larger declines in Extraversion and Conscientiousness than the general population. Whereas the effect on Conscientiousness was unique to patients with ABI, the decline in Extraversion was also observed in participants with other impairments.
许多使用不同评估方法的研究报告称，后天性脑损伤（ABI）后会发生人格变化。然而，据我们所知，尚无前瞻性研究来检验先前的横断面和回顾性研究结果是否可以在纵向前瞻性设计中得到复制。此外，由于很少使用临床对照组，因此所发现的人格变化是否仅存在于 ABI 患者中，或者它们是否也会影响其他残疾患者，这仍然存在争议。
本研究使用澳大利亚家庭、收入和劳动力动态面板调查（HILDA）的数据，采用前瞻性纵向设计，对 114 名患有不同类型 ABI 的参与者、1321 名匹配的对照组（一般对照组，GC）和 746 名匹配的非脑损伤限制障碍参与者（临床对照组，CC）进行了人格变化研究。
与 GC 组相比，ABI 组参与者在外向性和尽责性方面的下降幅度明显更大。当将 ABI 参与者与 CC 组进行比较时，只有尽责性的差异仍然显著。
我们的前瞻性数据证实了以前横断面研究的证据，即 ABI 患者在外向性和尽责性方面的下降幅度大于普通人群。尽责性的影响仅存在于 ABI 患者中，而外向性的下降也出现在其他障碍的参与者中。
