Coutinho E M
Maternidade Climério de Oliveira Federal University of Bahia School of Medicine, Salvador, Brazil.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand Suppl. 1989;150:39-46.
In a study involving over 300 women, gestrinone has been found to induce regression of uterine myomas. Gestrinone was given in doses of 2.5-5 mg (orally or by vaginal pessary), two or three times weekly. The treatment regimen depended upon tumor size and tumor age. Patients with small tumors, i.e. uterine volumes of less than 200 cm3, were treated for 6 months, whereas those with uterine volumes of 200-300 cm3 were treated for 1 year. In severe cases where uterine volumes were greater than 400 cm3, the patients were treated for 2 years. Large myomas of 300 cm3 or more required higher doses of steroid. During the first 6 months of treatment there was a marked reduction in uterine volume, but subsequently the rate of tumor regression was slower. Following discontinuation of treatment, reactivation of tumor growth was slow in most patients. Gestrinone caused amenorrhea in all patients and in most women it lasted throughout therapy. The abdominal discomfort, dyspareunia and dysuria which resulted from the myoma were progressively alleviated during treatment. Most patients experienced at least some side-effects associated with the mild androgenicity of gestrinone. These included weight gain, seborrhea and acne (which developed in most patients). Hirsutism, hoarseness and increase in libido were less common, affecting 10-20% of patients, depending on the dose and duration of treatment. All side effects were reversible.
在一项涉及300多名女性的研究中，已发现孕三烯酮可使子宫肌瘤消退。孕三烯酮的给药剂量为2.5 - 5毫克（口服或经阴道栓剂给药），每周两到三次。治疗方案取决于肿瘤大小和肿瘤病程。肿瘤较小（即子宫体积小于200立方厘米）的患者接受6个月治疗，而子宫体积为200 - 300立方厘米的患者接受1年治疗。在子宫体积大于400立方厘米的严重病例中，患者接受2年治疗。300立方厘米及以上的大肌瘤需要更高剂量的类固醇。在治疗的前6个月，子宫体积明显减小，但随后肿瘤消退速度较慢。停药后，大多数患者肿瘤生长的重新激活较慢。孕三烯酮使所有患者出现闭经，且在大多数女性中闭经持续整个治疗过程。治疗期间，由肌瘤引起的腹部不适、性交困难和排尿困难逐渐减轻。大多数患者至少经历了一些与孕三烯酮轻度雄激素作用相关的副作用。这些副作用包括体重增加、脂溢性皮炎和痤疮（大多数患者出现）。多毛症、声音嘶哑和性欲增强较少见，根据治疗剂量和疗程不同，影响10% - 20%的患者。所有副作用都是可逆的。
