Shi Wei, Li Caiyun, Li Man, Zong Xicui, Han Dongju, Chen Yuqing
Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Life Sciences College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016 Jun;100(11):5059-67. doi: 10.1007/s00253-016-7400-4. Epub 2016 Mar 7.
Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is a destructive bacterial disease of rice, and the development of an environmentally safe bactericide is urgently needed. Antimicrobial peptides, as antibacterial sources, may play important roles in bactericide development. In the present study, we found that the antimicrobial peptide melittin had the desired antibacterial activity against X. oryzae pv. oryzae. The antibacterial mechanism was investigated by examining its effects on cell membranes, energy metabolism, and nucleic acid, and protein synthesis. The antibacterial effects arose from its ability to interact with the bacterial cell wall and disrupt the cytoplasmic membrane by making holes and channels, resulting in the leakage of the cytoplasmic content. Additionally, melittin is able to permeabilize bacterial membranes and reach the cytoplasm, indicating that there are multiple mechanisms of antimicrobial action. DNA/RNA binding assay suggests that melittin may inhibit macromolecular biosynthesis by binding intracellular targets, such as DNA or RNA, and that those two modes eventually lead to bacterial cell death. Melittin can inhibit X. oryzae pv. oryzae from spreading, alleviating the disease symptoms, which indicated that melittin may have potential applications in plant protection.
水稻白叶枯病菌是水稻的一种毁灭性细菌病害，因此迫切需要开发一种对环境安全的杀菌剂。抗菌肽作为抗菌源，可能在杀菌剂开发中发挥重要作用。在本研究中，我们发现抗菌肽蜂毒肽对水稻白叶枯病菌具有理想的抗菌活性。通过研究其对细胞膜、能量代谢、核酸和蛋白质合成的影响来探究其抗菌机制。其抗菌作用源于它与细菌细胞壁相互作用并通过形成孔洞和通道破坏细胞质膜的能力，导致细胞质内容物泄漏。此外，蜂毒肽能够使细菌膜通透性增加并进入细胞质，这表明存在多种抗菌作用机制。DNA/RNA结合试验表明，蜂毒肽可能通过结合细胞内靶点（如DNA或RNA）来抑制大分子生物合成，这两种方式最终导致细菌细胞死亡。蜂毒肽可以抑制水稻白叶枯病菌的扩散，减轻病害症状，这表明蜂毒肽在植物保护方面可能具有潜在应用价值。
