意大利不同时期精神分裂症及其他精神分裂症谱系障碍患者首次接受抗精神病药物治疗的可及性和延迟情况。

Access and latency to first antipsychotic treatment in Italian patients with schizophrenia and other schizophrenic spectrum disorders across different epochs.

作者信息

Palazzo Maria Carlotta, Arici Chiara, Dell'Osso Bernardo, Cremaschi Laura, Grancini Benedetta, Camuri Giulia, Benatti Beatrice, Oldani Lucio, Dobrea Cristina, Cattaneo Alma, Altamura Alfredo Carlo

机构信息

Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Milan, Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.

Bipolar Disorders Clinic, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

出版信息

Hum Psychopharmacol. 2016 Mar;31(2):113-20. doi: 10.1002/hup.2518.

DOI:10.1002/hup.2518

PMID:26948428

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The duration of untreated illness (DUI) is a measure to express the latency to first psychopharmacological treatment: it differs among psychiatric disorders, being influenced by several illness-intrinsic and environmental factors. The present study aimed to assess differences in DUI and related variables in patients with schizophrenia (SKZ) versus other schizophrenic spectrum disorders (SSDs) across different epochs.

METHODS

101 SKZ or SSD patients were assessed with respect to DUI and related variables through clinical interview and questionnaire.

RESULTS

Patients with SKZ showed earlier ages of onset, first diagnosis and first antipsychotic treatment compared with patients with other SSDs (F = 11.02, p < 0.001; F = 12.68, p < 0.001; F = 13.74, p < 0.001, respectively) who showed an earlier access to benzodiazepines than SKZ patients (F = 6.547; p < 0.05). Dividing the total sample by the epoch of onset (before 1978; between 1978-2000; after 2000) showed a significantly later age of onset in patients with onset within the two most recent epochs (F = 7.46; p < 0.001) and a reduced DUI across epochs (from 144 to 41 to 20 months, on average; F = 11.78, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

Schizophrenic patients showed earlier onset and longer DUI compared with patients with other SSDs. Data on the total sample showed a later age of onset and a reduced DUI across epochs.

摘要

背景

未治疗疾病持续时间（DUI）是一种用于表示首次精神药物治疗潜伏期的指标：它在不同精神疾病中有所不同，受到多种疾病内在因素和环境因素的影响。本研究旨在评估不同时期精神分裂症（SKZ）患者与其他精神分裂症谱系障碍（SSD）患者在DUI及相关变量上的差异。

方法

通过临床访谈和问卷调查对101名SKZ或SSD患者的DUI及相关变量进行评估。

结果

与其他SSD患者相比，SKZ患者的起病年龄、首次诊断年龄和首次抗精神病药物治疗年龄更早（F分别为11.02，p < 0.001；F为12.68，p < 0.001；F为13.74，p < 0.001），且其他SSD患者使用苯二氮䓬类药物的时间早于SKZ患者（F = 6.547；p < 0.05）。将总样本按起病时期（1978年以前；1978 - 2000年之间；2000年以后）划分，结果显示在最近两个时期起病的患者起病年龄显著更晚（F = 7.46；p < 0.001），且不同时期的DUI有所缩短（平均从144个月降至41个月再降至20个月；F = 11.78，p < 0.001）。