Atiba B P, Ajao K O, Babalola R N, Awosusi A E, Ayeni O O, Ijadunola K T
Afr J Med Med Sci. 2014 Dec;43 Suppl:31-7.
Hepatitis B is a major global health problem and is a major infectious and occupational hazard for health workers, especially doctors, nurses, dentists and laboratory staff, including those who are under training, because of exposure to patients' body fluids during clinical activities. Clinical students are also at risk of HBV infection during their training in medical school. HBV vaccination status is very low among medical students in Nigeria
This study assessed the knowledge of clinical students of the Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile-Ife about hepatitis B virus infection and its modes of prevention.
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among all 594 clinical students of OAU using a pretested, self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analysed and summarized using descriptive and inferential statistics (logistic regression).
Four hundred and thirty (72.4%) respondents correctly identified four modes of transmission, while 470 (79%) respondents reported vaccination as a mode of prevention of HBV infection. Of all the respondents, 61.6% had ever received Hepatitis B virus vaccine, while only 39.2% of the respondents had received at least three doses of HBV vaccine. At bivariate level, gender (χ2 = 23.685, p < 0.001) and level of study (χ2 = 7.383, p < 0.05) were significantly associated with HBV vaccine uptake. At multivariate level, gender (OR = 2.58, 95% CI = 1.80-3.7 1) and level of study (OR = 1.71, 95% CI =1.14-2.54) remained significantly associated with HBV vaccine uptake.
The study concluded that clinical students had poor knowledge of safe sexual practices and post-exposure prophylaxis as preventive measures. The uptake of HBV vaccine was also poor. The significant correlates of vaccine uptake were gender and level of study.
乙型肝炎是一个重大的全球健康问题，对于医护人员，尤其是医生、护士、牙医和实验室工作人员（包括正在接受培训的人员）而言，它是一种主要的传染性职业危害，因为在临床活动中会接触患者的体液。临床医学生在医学院校培训期间也有感染乙肝病毒的风险。尼日利亚医学生的乙肝疫苗接种率非常低。
本研究评估了伊费奥巴费米·阿沃洛沃大学（OAU）的临床医学生对乙型肝炎病毒感染及其预防方式的了解情况。
采用预先测试的、自行填写的半结构化问卷，对OAU的所有594名临床医学生进行了描述性横断面研究。使用描述性和推断性统计（逻辑回归）对数据进行分析和总结。
430名（72.4%）受访者正确识别了四种传播方式，而470名（79%）受访者报告接种疫苗是预防乙肝病毒感染的一种方式。在所有受访者中，61.6%曾接种过乙肝病毒疫苗，而只有39.2%的受访者接种了至少三剂乙肝疫苗。在双变量水平上，性别（χ2 = 23.685，p < 0.001）和学习水平（χ2 = 7.383，p < 0.05）与乙肝疫苗接种显著相关。在多变量水平上，性别（OR = 2.58，95% CI = 1.80 - 3.71）和学习水平（OR = 1.71，95% CI = 1.14 - 2.54）仍然与乙肝疫苗接种显著相关。
该研究得出结论，临床医学生对安全性行为和暴露后预防作为预防措施的了解较差。乙肝疫苗的接种率也很低。疫苗接种的显著相关因素是性别和学习水平。
