Tewari B N, Singh Baghel K, Tripathi C, Dubey P, Bhatt M L B, Kumar V, Mati Goel M, Singh Negi M P, Misra S
King George Medical University Department of Surgical Oncology Lucknow India.
Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR) Division of Toxicology Lucknow India.
Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2016 Feb 29;62(2):116-25.
NF-κB has been implicated in mechanisms promoting inflammation in tumor microenvironment leading to breast cancer metastasis. Owing to critical role of CCL2 during metastasis, particularly in its capacity to act as a chemoattractant for macrophages and their precursors i.e monocytes, we decided to explore if pro-metastatic function of NF-κB could be attributable to CCL2 and/or macrophage infiltration. Through our study we provide experimental and clinical evidence in support of co-ordinated expression of chemokines CCL2, NF-κB and intratumoral macrophage content particularly with respect to breast cancer, with an additional evidence of these three variables being key determinant for poor prognosis and diminished survival amongst breast cancer patients both independently as well in a coordinated manner. The mean fold increase in mRNA expression level of NF-κB and CCL2 indicated that it was over expressed 13.57 and 13.18 fold respectively in tumor tissue as compared to adjacent normal tissue. Among these Immunohistochemistry expression of CD68 marker showed that 62 patients (66.7%) had low/moderate CD68 expression while 31 patients (33.3%) had strong expression. All three variables viz.NF-κB, CCL2 and CD68 showed significant (p<0.05 or p<0.01 or p<0.001) respectively associations with both clinicopathological (except CD68 with stage) and hormone receptors (ER, PR and Her2/neu) and their co-expressions indicating these as predictors of breast cancer. In this study we decipher the possible molecular mechanism by way of which NF-κB may promote breast cancer metastasis. Our study has clinical relevance as it establishes significance of these three variables as potential predictive markers to be employed in breast cancer.
核因子κB(NF-κB)参与了促进肿瘤微环境炎症从而导致乳腺癌转移的机制。由于趋化因子配体2(CCL2)在转移过程中发挥关键作用,特别是其作为巨噬细胞及其前体(即单核细胞)的趋化因子的能力,我们决定探究NF-κB的促转移功能是否归因于CCL2和/或巨噬细胞浸润。通过我们的研究,我们提供了实验和临床证据,支持趋化因子CCL2、NF-κB和肿瘤内巨噬细胞含量的协同表达,特别是在乳腺癌方面,另外还有证据表明这三个变量是乳腺癌患者预后不良和生存率降低的关键决定因素,无论是独立还是协同作用。NF-κB和CCL2的mRNA表达水平的平均增加倍数表明,与相邻正常组织相比,肿瘤组织中它们分别过度表达了13.57倍和13.18倍。在这些当中,CD68标记物的免疫组织化学表达显示,62例患者(66.7%)CD68表达低/中度,而31例患者(33.3%)表达强。所有三个变量,即NF-κB、CCL2和CD68,分别与临床病理特征(除CD68与分期外)和激素受体(雌激素受体、孕激素受体和人表皮生长因子受体2/neu)及其共表达均显示出显著(p<0.05或p<0.01或p<0.001)关联,表明它们可作为乳腺癌的预测指标。在本研究中,我们解读了NF-κB可能促进乳腺癌转移的潜在分子机制。我们的研究具有临床相关性,因为它确立了这三个变量作为乳腺癌潜在预测标志物的重要性。