Van Huy Nguyen, Lee Hwa-Young, Nam You-Seon, Van Tien Nguyen, Huong Tran Thi Giang, Hoat Luu Ngoc
Department of Health Management and Organization, Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam;
JW Lee Center for Global Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea;
Glob Health Action. 2016 Feb 29;9:29247. doi: 10.3402/gha.v9.29247. eCollection 2016.
In Vietnam, women are at risk of HIV infection due to many factors. However, there is limited evidence about what women know and how they behave to protect themselves from HIV.
The objective of this study was to investigate the trends in comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitude, and associated factors among Vietnamese women from 2000 to 2011.
Data from three waves of the Vietnam Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (years 2000, 2006, and 2011) were used. Logistic regression methods examined factors associated with each of two dependent variables, HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitude toward HIV/AIDS.
Although there was an increasing trend in basic HIV/AIDS knowledge and positive attitude toward the disease, in Vietnamese women in the general population over the survey years, the prevalence of women with basic HIV/AIDS knowledge and positive attitude toward HIV/AIDS was low. Multivariable models indicated that women who had higher levels of education, lived in urban areas, had higher economic status, and knew about places of HIV-related services were more likely to have good HIV/AIDS knowledge (e.g. in 2011, AOR's=3.01; 1.27; 1.88; 2.03, respectively). Women with higher educational attainment, knew about HIV services, and had better HIV knowledge were more likely to report positive attitude toward HIV/AIDS (e.g. in 2011, AOR's=2.50; 1.72; 2.23, respectively).
This study recommends that public health programs for the control of HIV, such as behavioral change communication campaigns or social policies for women, should focus not only in improving the quality of existing HIV/AIDS counseling and testing services but also on expanding coverage to increase accessibility to these services for women in rural areas. In addition, efforts to raise the level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS and improve attitude toward the disease should be undertaken simultaneously. The results of this study can help inform HIV control policies and practices in other developing countries.
在越南，由于多种因素，女性面临感染艾滋病毒的风险。然而，关于女性对艾滋病毒的了解程度以及她们如何采取行动保护自己免受艾滋病毒感染的证据有限。
本研究的目的是调查2000年至2011年越南女性在全面的艾滋病毒/艾滋病知识、态度及相关因素方面的趋势。
使用了越南多指标类集调查三轮（2000年、2006年和2011年）的数据。逻辑回归方法检验了与两个因变量（艾滋病毒/艾滋病知识和对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的态度）各自相关的因素。
尽管在调查年份中，普通人群中的越南女性在基本艾滋病毒/艾滋病知识和对该疾病的积极态度方面呈上升趋势，但具备基本艾滋病毒/艾滋病知识且对艾滋病毒/艾滋病持积极态度的女性比例较低。多变量模型表明，受教育程度较高、居住在城市地区、经济状况较好且了解艾滋病毒相关服务场所的女性更有可能具备良好的艾滋病毒/艾滋病知识（例如，在2011年，调整后比值比分别为3.01、1.27、1.88、2.03）。受教育程度较高、了解艾滋病毒服务且艾滋病毒知识较好的女性更有可能报告对艾滋病毒/艾滋病持积极态度（例如，在2011年，调整后比值比分别为2.50、1.72、2.23）。
本研究建议，控制艾滋病毒的公共卫生项目，如行为改变传播活动或针对女性的社会政策，不仅应侧重于提高现有艾滋病毒/艾滋病咨询和检测服务的质量，还应扩大覆盖范围，以增加农村地区女性获得这些服务的机会。此外，应同时努力提高对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的认识水平并改善对该疾病的态度。本研究结果可为其他发展中国家的艾滋病毒控制政策和实践提供参考。
