Bhattacharyya Aritro, Chakraborty Ritankar, Raj Tapasya, Padhi Bijaya Kumar, Khubchandani Jagdish, Satapathy Prakasini, Rustagi Sarvesh, Chattu Vijay Kumar
International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai 400088, India.
Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
Epidemiologia (Basel). 2023 Nov 16;4(4):492-504. doi: 10.3390/epidemiologia4040041.
HIV/AIDS has been a major threat to global public health, with India ranking third when it comes to the global burden of people living with HIV, especially women. It is imperative to assess the level of knowledge women have about transmission and prevention of this infection. This study sought to delineate the determinants of the comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS among women in the reproductive age groups in India. Data from the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey conducted in India were analyzed. The sample included 95,541 women aged 15-49 years. Multilevel logistic regression was fitted with individual characteristics, household characteristics, and community characteristics to identify determinants of comprehensive knowledge on HIV/AIDS. Nearly a fourth (24.8%) of the women aged 15-49 in India who had ever heard of HIV had comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS. Multilevel logistic regression showed that the likelihood of comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS was higher among women aged 40-44 (AOR = 1.57) and 30-34 (AOR = 1.56). The likelihood of having comprehensive knowledge increased with the increase in the level of education. Women with secondary and higher levels of education were 1.9 times and 3.38 times more likely to have comprehensive knowledge, respectively, than those with no education. Household wealth, access to mass media, and having ever tested for HIV were also significant determinants of comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS among women. The odds of having comprehensive knowledge about HIV/AIDS were higher for women with higher community wealth (AOR = 1.31), higher community education (AOR = 1.09), and higher community employment (AOR = 1.12). Factors at both the individual and community levels were shown to be indicators of comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS. Policymakers and public health practitioners in India should come up with plans to close the information gaps about HIV/AIDS that exist among women and their demographic subgroups.
艾滋病毒/艾滋病一直是全球公共卫生的重大威胁，在全球感染艾滋病毒的人群（尤其是女性）负担方面，印度排名第三。评估女性对这种感染的传播和预防知识水平至关重要。本研究旨在确定印度育龄妇女对艾滋病毒/艾滋病综合知识的决定因素。对印度进行的第五轮全国家庭健康调查数据进行了分析。样本包括95541名15 - 49岁的女性。采用多水平逻辑回归分析个体特征、家庭特征和社区特征，以确定艾滋病毒/艾滋病综合知识的决定因素。在印度，曾经听说过艾滋病毒的15 - 49岁女性中，近四分之一（24.8%）对艾滋病毒/艾滋病有全面的了解。多水平逻辑回归显示，40 - 44岁（调整后比值比[AOR]=1.57）和30 - 34岁（AOR = 1.56）的女性对艾滋病毒/艾滋病有全面了解的可能性更高。随着教育水平的提高，拥有全面知识的可能性增加。受过中等及以上教育的女性拥有全面知识的可能性分别是未受过教育女性的1.9倍和3.38倍。家庭财富、接触大众媒体以及曾经接受过艾滋病毒检测也是女性对艾滋病毒/艾滋病综合知识的重要决定因素。社区财富水平较高（AOR = 1.31）、社区教育水平较高（AOR = 1.09）和社区就业水平较高（AOR = 1.12）的女性对艾滋病毒/艾滋病有全面了解的几率更高。个体和社区层面的因素均被证明是艾滋病毒/艾滋病综合知识的指标。印度的政策制定者和公共卫生从业者应制定计划，缩小女性及其人口亚群体中存在的关于艾滋病毒/艾滋病的信息差距。
