Dive Stéphanie, Rouland Jean F, Lenoble Quentin, Szaffarczyk Sebastien, McKendrick Allison M, Boucart Muriel
*Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Hopital Huriez, service d'ophtalmologie †Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Affectives SCALab, Université de Lille, CNRS, Lille, France ‡Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia.
J Glaucoma. 2016 Oct;25(10):e889-e896. doi: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000000402.
We investigated the visuomotor behavior of people with reduced peripheral field due to glaucoma while they accomplished natural actions.
Twelve participants with glaucoma and 13 normally sighted controls were included. Participants were asked to accomplish a familiar sandwich-making task and a less familiar model-building task with a children's construction set while their eye movements were recorded. Both scene layouts contained task-relevant and task-irrelevant objects. There was no time constraint.
Participants with glaucoma were slower to perform the task than were the normal observers, but the slower performance was confined to the unfamiliar model-building task. Patients and controls were equally efficient in the more familiar sandwich-making task. On initial exposure, before the first reaching movement was initiated, patients scanned the objects longer than did controls, particularly in the unfamiliar model-building task, and controls fixated irrelevant objects less than did patients. During the working phase fixations were on average longer for patients than for controls and patients made more saccades than did controls. Patients did not grasp more irrelevant objects compared with controls.
The results provide evidence that, although slower than controls, patients with glaucoma were able to accomplish natural actions efficiently even when the task required discrimination of small structurally similar objects (nuts and screws in the model-building task). Their difficulties were reflected in longer fixation times and more head and eye movements compared with controls, presumably to compensate for lower visibility when objects fell in the part of their visual field where sensitivity was reduced.
我们研究了因青光眼导致周边视野缩小的患者在进行自然动作时的视觉运动行为。
纳入12名青光眼患者和13名视力正常的对照者。要求参与者使用儿童积木完成一项熟悉的三明治制作任务和一项不太熟悉的模型构建任务，同时记录他们的眼动情况。两个场景布局都包含与任务相关和不相关的物体。没有时间限制。
青光眼患者完成任务的速度比正常观察者慢，但速度较慢仅限于不熟悉的模型构建任务。患者和对照者在更熟悉的三明治制作任务中的效率相同。在首次接触时，在首次伸手动作开始之前，患者比对照者更长时间地扫视物体，特别是在不熟悉的模型构建任务中，并且对照者比患者更少注视不相关的物体。在工作阶段，患者的注视平均比对照者更长，并且患者比对照者进行更多的扫视。与对照者相比，患者没有抓取更多不相关的物体。
结果表明，尽管青光眼患者比对照者速度慢，但即使任务需要区分结构相似的小物体（模型构建任务中的螺母和螺丝），他们仍能够有效地完成自然动作。与对照者相比，他们的困难体现在更长的注视时间以及更多的头部和眼部运动上，这可能是为了补偿物体落在其视野中敏感度降低部分时可见度较低的情况。
