Remorini Carolina
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.
Adv Child Dev Behav. 2015;49:273-88. doi: 10.1016/bs.acdb.2015.09.003. Epub 2015 Nov 18.
This chapter examines the ideas of reciprocity, respect, autonomy, and interdependence of lives and the impact of these on children's learning. Using an ecological perspective that recognizes humans' relationship with other living beings that inhabit the forest, this chapter is based on ethnographic research conducted in two Mbya-Guarani communities (Argentina). Respect and reciprocity are key for children to develop as part of the community and the forest and they are related to children's well-being and health. I describe Mbya perspectives on children's growth and development, emphasizing the balance between interdependence and autonomy as complementary goals and values, providing examples of environmentally relevant skills to grow up in the forest. These skills are associated with particular ways of inhabiting the forest, including learning how to walk in it and developing entendimiento (understanding). These make possible children's integration in community life through their participation and collaboration in daily activities. I attempt to articulate these ideas with the theoretical framework of Learning by Observing and Pitching In, especially concerning ways of organizing and supporting children's learning processes in the context of their engagement with multiaged and more experienced group of people.
本章探讨了互惠、尊重、自主以及生命的相互依存等观念，以及这些观念对儿童学习的影响。本章采用一种生态学视角，该视角认识到人类与栖息在森林中的其他生物之间的关系，其内容基于在两个姆比亚-瓜拉尼社区（阿根廷）开展的民族志研究。尊重和互惠对于儿童作为社区和森林的一部分成长而言至关重要，且它们与儿童的幸福和健康相关。我描述了姆比亚人对儿童成长和发展的看法，强调相互依存和自主之间的平衡是相辅相成的目标和价值观，并列举了在森林中成长所需的与环境相关的技能实例。这些技能与在森林中生活的特定方式相关，包括学习如何在森林中行走以及培养“entendimiento”（理解）能力。这些技能使儿童能够通过参与日常活动并与他人协作，融入社区生活。我试图将这些观点与“通过观察和参与来学习”的理论框架相结合，特别是关于在儿童与不同年龄和更有经验的人群互动的背景下，组织和支持儿童学习过程的方式。
