Wilson Aze, McLean Cheynne, Kim Richard B
aDivisions of Clinical Pharmacology bGastroenterology, Department of Medicine cDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Curr Opin Lipidol. 2016 Apr;27(2):148-54. doi: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000274.
This article evaluates the link between trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and bile acids and the consequent impact on the development of atherosclerosis.
Elevation in plasma TMAO concentrations is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in many different patient cohorts. In addition to the recently identified direct effects of TMAO on the development of atherosclerosis, other components involved in TMAO metabolism may also have an impact. Furthermore, the relationship between TMAO and bile acid regulation is emerging as a possible mediator of atherosclerosis.
Studies that are emerging highlight the mechanistic relationship of TMAO to the development atherosclerosis in addition to its role as disease biomarker. The interplay between TMAO and bile acid metabolism mediated through multiple factors, such as the gut microbiome, farnesoid X receptor signaling, and flavin monooxygenase 3 activity may help identify another pathway by which atherosclerosis occurs. In this review, we discuss the most recent data regarding atherosclerosis, TMAO, and bile acid metabolism.
本文评估氧化三甲胺（TMAO）与胆汁酸之间的联系以及由此对动脉粥样硬化发展产生的影响。
在许多不同患者队列中，血浆TMAO浓度升高与心血管疾病风险增加相关。除了最近发现的TMAO对动脉粥样硬化发展的直接影响外，参与TMAO代谢的其他成分也可能产生影响。此外，TMAO与胆汁酸调节之间的关系正逐渐成为动脉粥样硬化的一种可能介导因素。
新出现的研究突出了TMAO除作为疾病生物标志物的作用外，与动脉粥样硬化发展的机制关系。TMAO与胆汁酸代谢之间通过多种因素介导的相互作用，如肠道微生物群、法尼醇X受体信号传导和黄素单加氧酶3活性，可能有助于确定动脉粥样硬化发生的另一条途径。在本综述中，我们讨论了有关动脉粥样硬化、TMAO和胆汁酸代谢的最新数据。
