Abebe Abate Bedilu, Admassu Wossen Bitiya, Tilahun Degfie Tizta
Department of Social and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
Department of Population and Family Health, College of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
BMC Womens Health. 2016 Mar 10;16:16. doi: 10.1186/s12905-016-0294-6.
Intimate partner violence during pregnancy is the most common form of violence that harms the health of women and the fetus but practiced commonly in developing countries. There is scarcity of information regarding intimate partner violence during pregnancy in Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of intimate partner violence during recent pregnancy in Abay Chomen district, Western Ethiopia.
Community based cross sectional study was conducted among married pregnant women in Abay Chomen district in April, 2014 using a standard WHO multi-country study questionnaire. Two hundred eighty two randomly selected pregnant women aged 15-49 years participated in the study. Logistic regression and multivariate analysis were employed.
The prevalence of intimate partner violence during recent pregnancy was 44.5% (95% CI, 32.6, 56.4). More than half 157 (55.5%) experienced all three forms of intimate partner violence during recent pregnancy. The joint occurrence of intimate partner physical and psychological violence during recent pregnancy as well as joint occurrence of intimate partner physical and sexual violence was 160 (56.5%). Pregnant women who were ever lived with their partner's family were 46% less likely to experience recent intimate partner violence. Dowry payment decreases intimate partner violence during recent pregnancy (AOR 0.09, 95% CI 0.04, 0.2) and pregnant women who didn't undergo marriage ceremony during their marriage were 79% are less likely to experience violence (AOR 0.21, 95% CI 0.1, 0.44).
Nearly half of interviewed pregnant women experienced intimate partner violence during pregnancy implying the prevalence of such practice in the study site. To that end, increasing community awareness about the consequences of the practice could be important. Moreover, as health extension workers works closely with households, they could be crucial players to increase community awareness about intimate partner violence on pregnant mothers and halt it or its risk factors.
孕期亲密伴侣暴力是危害妇女和胎儿健康的最常见暴力形式，但在发展中国家普遍存在。埃塞俄比亚缺乏关于孕期亲密伴侣暴力的信息。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚西部阿贝乔门地区近期孕期亲密伴侣暴力的患病率及相关因素。
2014年4月，在阿贝乔门地区已婚孕妇中开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究，使用世界卫生组织的标准多国研究问卷。随机选取282名年龄在15 - 49岁的孕妇参与研究。采用逻辑回归和多变量分析。
近期孕期亲密伴侣暴力的患病率为44.5%（95%置信区间，32.6，56.4）。超过半数（157人，55.5%）在近期孕期经历了所有三种形式的亲密伴侣暴力。近期孕期亲密伴侣身体暴力和心理暴力的共同发生率以及亲密伴侣身体暴力和性暴力的共同发生率为160例（56.5%）。曾与伴侣家人同住的孕妇近期遭受亲密伴侣暴力的可能性降低46%。彩礼减少了近期孕期亲密伴侣暴力（调整后比值比0.09，95%置信区间0.04，0.2），而在婚姻期间未举行结婚仪式的孕妇遭受暴力的可能性降低79%（调整后比值比0.21，95%置信区间0.1，0.44）。
近一半接受访谈的孕妇在孕期经历了亲密伴侣暴力，这表明该行为在研究地点普遍存在。为此，提高社区对该行为后果的认识可能很重要。此外，由于卫生推广工作者与家庭密切合作，他们可能是提高社区对孕妇亲密伴侣暴力的认识并制止该行为或其风险因素的关键角色。
