Asefa Destaw, Worku Mengesha Endalkachew, Yadita Zemenu S
Argoba District Health Office Amhara Regional State Health Bureau Bahir Dar Ethiopia.
Department of Reproductive Health and Population Studies, College of Medicine and Health Science Bahir Dar University Bahir Dar Ethiopia.
Health Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 6;7(11):e70158. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.70158. eCollection 2024 Nov.
Intimate partner violence (IPV), perpetrated by male partners, inflicts physical, sexual, or psychological harm on women. During pregnancy, it becomes a significant public health concern and human rights violation, especially in conflict-affected areas, affecting both mother and fetus negatively. Research in Ethiopia often overlooks nonusers of antenatal services, primarily conducted in health facilities. This study addresses this gap, aiming to provide valuable insights into community dynamics. Hence, this study assessed the prevalence and factors associated with IPV during pregnancy in the conflict-affected district of Northeast Ethiopia.
A community-based cross-sectional study surveyed 603 postpartum women in the Argoba district, Amhara region Northeast Ethiopia, from March 26 to April 25, 2023, utilizing a multistage sampling technique. Data collection employed a structured questionnaire, coded, and entered into Epi-data 4.6, then analyzed using SPSS version 26. Descriptive and Binary logistic regression analyses were conducted. Adjusted odds ratios were computed at a 95% confidence interval [CI], with a significance level set at < 0.05. Model fit and multicollinearity were assessed for validity.
The study found an overall prevalence of 45.1% (95% CI: 41.1-49.1) for IPV during pregnancy, with psychological violence being the most prevalent (38.0%), followed by physical (24.7%) and sexual violence (18.6%). Factors significantly associated with IPV included unwanted pregnancy (AOR = 1.94; 95% CI: 1.10-3.47), women's acceptance of violence (AOR = 2.39; 95% CI: 1.64-3.48), having a partner who chews khat (AOR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.31-3.03), and spouse's engagement in multiple sexual partners (AOR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.03-2.58).
The study's findings indicate a higher prevalence compared to others, with key factors including unwanted pregnancy, acceptance of violence, khat chewing, and multiple sexual partners. Recommendations include comprehensive sex education, awareness campaigns, relationship counseling, community engagement, improved healthcare access, stronger legal frameworks, and empowerment programs.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）由男性伴侣实施，会对女性造成身体、性或心理伤害。在怀孕期间，这成为一个重大的公共卫生问题和侵犯人权行为，尤其是在受冲突影响的地区，会对母亲和胎儿都产生负面影响。埃塞俄比亚的研究往往忽视了未使用产前服务的人群，主要是在医疗机构进行的研究。本研究填补了这一空白，旨在提供有关社区动态的宝贵见解。因此，本研究评估了埃塞俄比亚东北部受冲突影响地区孕期亲密伴侣暴力的患病率及相关因素。
一项基于社区的横断面研究于2023年3月26日至4月25日，采用多阶段抽样技术，对埃塞俄比亚东北部阿姆哈拉地区阿尔戈巴区的603名产后妇女进行了调查。数据收集采用结构化问卷，编码后录入Epi - data 4.6，然后使用SPSS 26版进行分析。进行了描述性和二元逻辑回归分析。在95%置信区间[CI]计算调整后的比值比，显著性水平设定为<0.05。评估模型拟合和多重共线性以确保有效性。
研究发现孕期亲密伴侣暴力的总体患病率为45.1%（95% CI：41.1 - 49.1），其中心理暴力最为普遍（38.0%），其次是身体暴力（24.7%）和性暴力（18.6%）。与亲密伴侣暴力显著相关的因素包括意外怀孕（调整后比值比[AOR]=1.94；95% CI：1.10 - 3.47）、女性对暴力的接受度（AOR = 2.39；95% CI：1.64 - 3.48）、有咀嚼恰特草的伴侣（AOR = 1.99；95% CI：1.31 - 3.03）以及配偶有多个性伴侣（AOR = 1.63；95% CI：1.03 - 2.58）。
研究结果表明患病率高于其他研究，关键因素包括意外怀孕、对暴力的接受度、咀嚼恰特草和多个性伴侣。建议包括全面的性教育、宣传活动、关系咨询、社区参与、改善医疗保健服务、更强有力的法律框架和赋权项目。
