Shi Aiwei, Huang Peixuan, Guo Shifang, Zhao Lu, Jia Yingjie, Zong Yujin, Wan Mingxi
The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China.
The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2016 Jul;31:163-72. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.12.016. Epub 2015 Dec 21.
In atherosclerotic inducement in animal models, the conventionally used balloon injury is invasive, produces excessive vessel injuries at unpredictable locations and is inconvenient in arterioles. Fortunately, cavitation erosion, which plays an important role in therapeutic ultrasound in blood vessels, has the potential to induce atherosclerosis noninvasively at predictable sites. In this study, precise spatial control of cavitation erosion for superficial lesions in a vessel phantom was realised by using an ultrasonic standing wave (USW) with the participation of cavitation nuclei and medium-intensity ultrasound pulses. The superficial vessel erosions were restricted between adjacent pressure nodes, which were 0.87 mm apart in the USW field of 1 MHz. The erosion positions could be shifted along the vessel by nodal modulation under a submillimetre-scale accuracy without moving the ultrasound transducers. Moreover, the cavitation erosion of the proximal or distal wall could be determined by the types of cavitation nuclei and their corresponding cavitation pulses, i.e., phase-change microbubbles with cavitation pulses of 5 MHz and SonoVue microbubbles with cavitation pulses of 1 MHz. Effects of acoustic parameters of the cavitation pulses on the cavitation erosions were investigated. The flow conditions in the experiments were considered and discussed. Compared to only using travelling waves, the proposed method in this paper improves the controllability of the cavitation erosion and reduces the erosion depth, providing a more suitable approach for vessel endothelial injury while avoiding haemorrhage.
在动物模型的动脉粥样硬化诱导中，传统使用的球囊损伤具有侵入性，会在不可预测的位置产生过度的血管损伤，并且在小动脉中操作不便。幸运的是，在血管治疗超声中起重要作用的空化侵蚀有潜力在可预测的部位非侵入性地诱导动脉粥样硬化。在本研究中，通过使用带有空化核和中等强度超声脉冲参与的超声驻波（USW），实现了对血管模型中浅表病变空化侵蚀的精确空间控制。浅表血管侵蚀被限制在相邻压力节点之间，在1 MHz的超声驻波场中，相邻压力节点相距0.87 mm。在不移动超声换能器的情况下，通过节点调制可在亚毫米级精度下使侵蚀位置沿血管移动。此外，近端或远端壁的空化侵蚀可由空化核的类型及其相应的空化脉冲决定，即具有5 MHz空化脉冲的相变微泡和具有1 MHz空化脉冲的声诺维微泡。研究了空化脉冲的声学参数对空化侵蚀的影响。考虑并讨论了实验中的流动条件。与仅使用行波相比，本文提出的方法提高了空化侵蚀的可控性并减小了侵蚀深度，为血管内皮损伤提供了一种更合适的方法，同时避免了出血。
