“拜访他人时应做好准备”:南非开普敦男性社区护理工作者与感染艾滋病毒男性患者的合作方式

'When you visit a man you should prepare yourself': male community care worker approaches to working with men living with HIV in Cape Town, South Africa.

作者信息

Gittings Lesley

机构信息

a AIDS and Society Research Unit (ASRU), Centre for Social Science Research , The University of Cape Town , Cape Town , South Africa.

出版信息

Cult Health Sex. 2016 Aug;18(8):936-50. doi: 10.1080/13691058.2016.1150513. Epub 2016 Mar 11.

Abstract

Caring is typically constructed as a feminised practice, resulting in women shouldering the burden of care-related work. Health-seeking behaviours are also constructed as feminine and men have poorer health outcomes globally. Employing men as carers may not only improve the health of the men they assist but also be transformative with regards to gendered constructions of caring. Using semi-structured interviews and observational home visits, this study explored the techniques that community care workers employ when working with male clients. The empirical analysis draws on the perspectives of eight care workers and three of their male clients from the Cape Town area. Interviews reveal how care workers and clients perform and negotiate masculinities as they navigate hegemonic masculine norms that require men to act tough, suppress emotions and deny weakness and sickness. Both parties bump up against ideals of what it means to be a man as they strive to provide care and receive support. Community care workers avoid rupturing client performances of hegemonic masculinities which inhibit confession and support. To do this, they use techniques of indirectly broaching sensitive subjects, acting in a friendly way and being clear about the intention of their work.

摘要

关怀通常被视为一种女性化的行为,这使得女性承担了与关怀相关工作的重担。寻求健康的行为也被视为具有女性特质,并且在全球范围内男性的健康状况更差。雇佣男性作为护理人员不仅可能改善他们所照顾男性的健康状况,而且在关怀的性别建构方面可能具有变革性。本研究通过半结构化访谈和家庭观察访问,探讨了社区护理人员在与男性客户合作时所采用的技巧。实证分析借鉴了开普敦地区八位护理人员及其三位男性客户的观点。访谈揭示了护理人员和客户在应对霸权男性规范(要求男性表现强硬、抑制情绪、否认软弱和疾病)时,如何展现和协商男子气概。双方在努力提供关怀和接受支持时,都与成为男人的理想观念产生冲突。社区护理人员避免破坏客户对霸权男子气概的表现,因为这会抑制坦白和支持。为此,他们采用间接提及敏感话题、友好行事以及明确工作意图等技巧。

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