Luchetti Martina, Rossi Nicolino, Montebarocci Ornella, Sutin Angelina R
Florida State University College of Medicine, Department Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, 1115 West Call Street, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
University of Bologna, Department of Psychology, Viale Berti Pichat 5, Bologna 40126, Italy.
Conscious Cogn. 2016 May;42:15-25. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2016.02.011. Epub 2016 Mar 8.
Phenomenology is a critical component of autobiographical memory retrieval; it reflects both (a) memory-specific features and (b) stable individual differences. Few studies have tested phenomenology longitudinally. The present work examined the continuity of memory phenomenology in a sample of Italians adults (N=105) over a 4-week period. Participants retrieved two 'key' personal memories, a Turning Point and an Early Childhood Memory, rated the phenomenology of each memory, and completed measures of personality, psychological distress and subjective well-being. Phenomenological ratings were moderately stable over time (median correlation >.40), regardless of memory content. Personality traits, psychological distress and well-being were associated with phenomenology cross-sectionally and with changes in phenomenology over time. These results suggest that how individuals re-experience their most important personal memories is relatively consistent over time and shaped by both trait and state aspects of psychological functioning.
现象学是自传体记忆检索的关键组成部分；它既反映了（a）特定于记忆的特征，也反映了（b）稳定的个体差异。很少有研究对现象学进行纵向测试。本研究在一个意大利成年人样本（N = 105）中，考察了为期4周的记忆现象学的连续性。参与者检索了两个“关键”个人记忆，一个转折点记忆和一个童年早期记忆，对每个记忆的现象学进行评分，并完成了人格、心理困扰和主观幸福感的测量。无论记忆内容如何，现象学评分随时间推移具有中等稳定性（中位数相关性>.40）。人格特质、心理困扰和幸福感在横断面与现象学相关，并且与现象学随时间的变化相关。这些结果表明，个体重新体验其最重要的个人记忆的方式在时间上相对一致，并且受到心理功能的特质和状态方面的影响。
