Witzel Christian, Brushart Thomas M, Koulaxouzidis Georgios, Infanger Manfred
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.
J Reconstr Microsurg. 2016 Jul;32(6):491-7. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1579540. Epub 2016 Mar 14.
Background Electrical stimulation immediately following nerve lesion helps regenerating axons cross the subsequently grafted nerve repair site. However, the results and the mechanisms remain open to debate. Some findings show that stimulation after crush injury increases axonal crossing of the repair site without affecting regeneration speed. Others show that stimulation after transection and fibrin glue repair doubles regeneration distance. Methods Using a sciatic-nerve-transection-graft in vivo model, we investigated the morphological behavior of regenerating axons around the repair site after unilateral nerve stimulation (20 Hz, 1 hour). With mice expressing axonal fluorescent proteins (thy1-YFP), we were able to calculate the following at 5 and 7 days: percentage of regenerating axons and arborizing axons, branches per axon, and regeneration distance and speed. Results Brief stimulation significantly increases the percentage of regenerating axons (5 days: 35.5 vs. 27.3% nonstimulated, p < 0.05; 7 days: 43.3 vs. 33.9% nonstimulated, p < 0.05), mainly by increasing arborizing axons (5 days: 49.3 [4.4] vs. 33.9 [4.1]% [p < 0.001]; 7 days: 42.2 [5.6] vs. 33.2 [3.1]% [p < 0.001]). Neither branches per arborizing axon nor regeneration speed were affected. Conclusion Our morphological data analysis revealed that electrical stimulation in this model increases axonal crossing of the repair site and promotes homogeneous perilesional branching, but does not affect regeneration speed.
神经损伤后立即进行电刺激有助于再生轴突穿过随后移植的神经修复部位。然而，其结果和机制仍存在争议。一些研究结果表明，挤压伤后进行刺激可增加修复部位的轴突穿过率，而不影响再生速度。另一些研究则表明，横断伤和纤维蛋白胶修复后进行刺激可使再生距离增加一倍。方法：利用坐骨神经横断-移植体内模型，我们研究了单侧神经刺激（20Hz，1小时）后修复部位周围再生轴突的形态学行为。通过表达轴突荧光蛋白（thy1-YFP）的小鼠，我们能够在第5天和第7天计算以下指标：再生轴突和分支轴突的百分比、每个轴突的分支数、再生距离和速度。结果：短暂刺激显著增加了再生轴突的百分比（第5天：35.5%对未刺激组的27.3%，p<0.05；第7天：43.3%对未刺激组的33.9%，p<0.05），主要是通过增加分支轴突（第5天：49.3[4.4]%对33.9[4.1]%[p<0.001]；第7天：42.2[5.6]%对33.2[3.1]%[p<0.001]）。每个分支轴突的分支数和再生速度均未受影响。结论：我们的形态学数据分析表明，该模型中的电刺激增加了修复部位的轴突穿过率，并促进了损伤周围的均匀分支，但不影响再生速度。
